Installing Perl 3 INSTALL 3 NAME 3 SYNOPSIS 3 DESCRIPTION 3 WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004. 3 Space Requirements 3 Start with a Fresh Distribution 4 Run Configure 4 GNU-style configure 5 Extensions 5 Including locally-installed libraries 6 Examples 6 gdbm in /usr/local 6 gdbm in /usr/you 7 Installation Directories 7 Changing the installation directory 8 Creating an installable tar archive 9 Site-wide Policy settings 9 Configure-time Options 9 Threads 9 Selecting File IO mechanisms 9 1. 10 2. 10 Building a shared libperl.so Perl library 11 Malloc Issues 11 Malloc Performance Flags 12 -DNO_FANCY_MALLOC 12 -DPLAIN_MALLOC 12 Building a debugging perl 12 Other Compiler Flags 12 What if it doesn`t work? 13 Running Configure Interactively 13 Hint files 13 ** WHOA THERE!!! *** 13 Changing Compilers 13 Propagating your changes to config.sh 14 config.over 14 config.h 14 cflags 14 No sh 14 Porting information 14 make depend 14 make 15 hints 15 extensions 15 locale 15 malloc duplicates 15 varargs 15 util.c 15 Solaris and SunOS dynamic loading 15 ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal: relocation error: 16 LD_LIBRARY_PATH 16 dlopen: stub interception failed 16 nm extraction 16 umask not found 16 vsprintf 16 do_aspawn 16 __inet_* errors 17 Optimizer 17 CRIPPLED_CC 17 Missing functions 17 toke.c 17 Missing dbmclose 17 Note (probably harmless): No library found for -lsomething 17 sh: ar: not found 18 db-recno failure on tests 51, 53 and 55 18 Bad arg length for semctl, is XX, should be ZZZ 18 lib/ipc_sysv........semget: No space left on device 18 Miscellaneous 18 make test 18 What if make test doesn`t work? 18 locale 15 Out of memory 19 make install 19 Installing perl under different names 19 Installed files 19 Coexistence with earlier versions of perl5 20 Maintaining completely separate versions 21 Upgrading from 5.004 to 5.005 21 Coexistence with perl4 21 cd /usr/include; h2ph *.h sys/*.h 21 installhtml ‘help 22 cd pod &&
make tex &&
(process the latex files) 22 Reporting Problems 22 DOCUMENTATION 22 AUTHOR 23 REDISTRIBUTION 23 LAST MODIFIED 23 The Perl FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) 24 perlfaq 24 NAME 24 DESCRIPTION 24 perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ. 24 perlfaq1: General Questions About Perl 24 perlfaq2: Obtaining and Learning about Perl 24 perlfaq3: Programming Tools 24 perlfaq4: Data Manipulation 24 perlfaq5: Files and Formats 24 perlfaq6: Regexps 24 perlfaq7: General Perl Language Issues 24 perlfaq8: System Interaction 24 perlfaq9: Networking 24 Where to get this document 24 How to contribute to this document 24 What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the authors 24 Credits 24 Author and Copyright Information 25 Bundled Distributions 25 Disclaimer 25 Changes 25 22/June/98 25 24/April/97 25 23/April/97 25 25/March/97 25 18/March/97 25 17/March/97 Version 25 Initial Release: 11/March/97 25 perlfaq1 26 NAME 26 DESCRIPTION 26 What is Perl? 26 Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free? 26 Which version of Perl should I use? 26 What are perl4 and perl5? 26 How stable is Perl? 27 Is Perl difficult to learn? 27 How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, Scheme, or Tcl? 27 Can I do [task] in Perl? 27 When shouldn`t I program in Perl? 27 What`s the difference between "perl" and "Perl"? 28 Is it a Perl program or a Perl script? 28 What is a JAPH? 28 Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms? 28 How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version (5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language)? 28 AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT 29 perlfaq2 30 NAME 30 DESCRIPTION 30 What machines support Perl? Where do I get it? 30 How can I get a binary version of Perl? 30 I don`t have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl? 30 I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts don`t work. 30 I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work? 30 What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN? What does CPAN/src/... mean? 31 Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl? 31 Where can I get information on Perl? 31 What are the Perl newsgroups on USENET? Where do I post questions? 31 Where should I post source code? 32 Perl Books 32 References 33 Tutorials 33 Task-Oriented 33 Special Topics 33 Perl in Magazines 33 Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access 34 What mailing lists are there for perl? 34 MacPerl 34 Perl5-Porters 34 NTPerl 34 Perl-Packrats 34 Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc 34 Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl? 35 Where do I send bug reports? 35 What is perl.com? perl.org? The Perl Institute? 35 How do I learn about object-oriented Perl programming? 36 AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT 36 perlfaq3 37 NAME 37 DESCRIPTION 37 How do I do (anything)? 37 How can I use Perl interactively? 37 Is there a Perl shell? 37 How do I debug my Perl programs? 37 How do I profile my Perl programs? 38 How do I cross-reference my Perl programs? 38 Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl? 38 Is there a ctags for Perl? 38 Where can I get Perl macros for vi? 38 Where can I get perl-mode for emacs? 39 How can I use curses with Perl? 39 How can I use X or Tk with Perl? 39 How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk? 39 What is undump? 39 How can I make my Perl program run faster? 39 How can I make my Perl program take less memory? 40 Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data? 40 How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks? 40 How can I make my CGI script more efficient? 40 How can I hide the source for my Perl program? 41 How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C? 41 How can I get #!perl
to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]? 42 Can I write useful perl programs on the command line? 42 Why don`t perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system? 42 Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl? 43 Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming? 43 Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp] 44 I`ve read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can`t embed perl in 44 When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it 44 What`s MakeMaker? 44 AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT 44 perlfaq4 45 NAME 45 DESCRIPTION 45 Data: Numbers 45 Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)? 45 Why isn`t my octal data interpreted correctly? 45 Does perl have a round function? What about ceil()
and floor()
? Trig functions? 45 How do I convert bits into ints? 46 How do I multiply matrices? 46 How do I perform an operation on a series of integers? 46 How can I output Roman numerals? 46 Why aren`t my random numbers random? 46 Data: Dates 47 How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year? 47 How can I compare two dates and find the difference? 47 How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds? 47 How can I find the Julian Day? 47 Does Perl have a year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant? 47 Data: Strings 47 How do I validate input? 47 How do I unescape a string? 48 How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters? 48 How do I expand function calls in a string? 48 How do I find matching/nesting anything? 48 How do I reverse a string? 48 How do I expand tabs in a string? 48 How do I reformat a paragraph? 48 How can I access/change the first N letters of a string? 49 How do I change the Nth occurrence of something? 49 How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a string? 49 How do I capitalize all the words on one line? 50 How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside 50 How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string? 50 How do I extract selected columns from a string? 51 How do I find the soundex value of a string? 51 How can I expand variables in text strings? 51 What`s wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
52 Why don`t my <<HERE documents work? 52 1. There must be no space after the << part. 52 2. There (probably) should be a semicolon at the end. 52 3. You can`t (easily) have any space in front of the tag. 52 Data: Arrays 53 What is the difference between $array[1]
and @array[1]? 53 How can I extract just the unique elements of an array? 54 a) If @in is sorted, and you want @out to be sorted: 54 b) If you don`t know whether @in is sorted: 54 c) Like (b), but @in contains only small integers: 54 d) A way to do (b) without any loops or greps: 54 e) Like (d), but @in contains only small positive integers: 54 How can I tell whether a list or array contains a certain element? 54 How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the intersection of two arrays? 55 How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true? 55 How do I handle linked lists? 55 How do I handle circular lists? 55 How do I shuffle an array randomly? 56 How do I process/modify each element of an array? 56 How do I select a random element from an array? 56 How do I permute N elements of a list? 57 How do I sort an array by (anything)? 57 How do I manipulate arrays of bits? 58 Why does defined()
return true on empty arrays and hashes? 58 Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays) 58 How do I process an entire hash? 58 What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over it? 59 How do I look up a hash element by value? 59 How can I know how many entries are in a hash? 59 How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)? 59 How can I always keep my hash sorted? 59 What`s the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes? 59 Why don`t my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction? 61 How do I reset an each()
operation part-way through? 61 How can I get the unique keys from two hashes? 61 How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file? 61 How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it? 61 Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create it? 61 How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or array of hashes or arrays? 62 How can I use a reference as a hash key? 62 Data: Misc 62 How do I handle binary data correctly? 62 How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float? 62 How do I keep persistent data across program calls? 63 How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure? 63 How do I define methods for every class/object? 63 How do I verify a credit card checksum? 63 AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT 63 perlfaq5 64 NAME 64 DESCRIPTION 64 How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this? 64 65 How do I count the number of lines in a file? 66 How do I make a temporary file name? 66 How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files? 67 67 How can I use a filehandle indirectly? 68 How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()
? 70 How can I write()
into a string? 70 How can I output my numbers with commas added? 70 How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename? 70 How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out? 71 Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use " or trailing blanks? 72 How can I reliably rename a file? 72 How can I lock a file? 72 1 72 2 72 3 72 What can`t I just open(FH, "
file.lock")? 72 I still don`t get locking. I just want to increment the number in the file. How can I do this? 73 How do I randomly update a binary file? 73 How do I get a file`s timestamp in perl? 73 How do I set a file`s timestamp in perl? 74 How do I print to more than one file at once? 74 How can I read in a file by paragraphs? 74 How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard? 74 How can I tell if there`s a character waiting on a filehandle? 76 How do I do a tail -f
in perl? 77 How do I dup()
a filehandle in Perl? 77 How do I close a file descriptor by number? 78 Why can`t I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn`t `C:\temp\foo.exe` work? 78 Why doesn`t glob("*.*") get all the files? 78 Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does -i
clobber protected files? Isn`t this a bug in Perl? 78 How do I select a random line from a file? 78 AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT 78 perlfaq6 79 NAME 79 DESCRIPTION 79 How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible and unmaintainable code? 79 Comments Outside the Regexp 79 Comments Inside the Regexp 79 Different Delimiters 79 I`m having trouble matching over more than one line. What`s wrong? 79 How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on different lines? 80 I put a regular expression into $/
but it didn`t work. What`s wrong? 80 How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS, but preserving case on the RHS? 81 How can I make \w
match national character sets? 82 How can I match a locale-smart version of /[a-zA-Z]/
? 82 How can I quote a variable to use in a regexp? 82 What is /o
really for? 82 How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a file? 82 Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text? 83 What does it mean that regexps are greedy? How can I get around it? 83 How do I process each word on each line? 83 How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary? 83 How can I do approximate matching? 84 How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once? 84 Why don`t word-boundary searches with \b
work for me? 85 Why does using $&,
$`,
or $'
slow my program down? 85 What good is \G
in a regular expression? 85 Are Perl regexps DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant? 86 What`s wrong with using grep or map in a void context? 86 How can I match strings with multibyte characters? 86 AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT 87 perlfaq7 88 NAME 88 DESCRIPTION 88 Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language? 88 What are all these $@%*
punctuation signs, and how do I know when to use them? 88 Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and commas? 88 How do I skip some return values? 89 How do I temporarily block warnings? 89 What`s an extension? 89 Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators? 89 How do I declare/create a structure? 89 How do I create a module? 90 How do I create a class? 91 How can I tell if a variable is tainted? 91 What`s a closure? 91 What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it? 92 How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method, Regexp}? 92 Passing Variables and Functions 92 Passing Filehandles 92 Passing Regexps 93 Passing Methods 93 How do I create a static variable? 94 What`s the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? Between local()
and my()
? 94 How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical is in scope? 95 What`s the difference between deep and shallow binding? 95 Why doesn`t "my($foo)
= <FILE
;" work right? 95 How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method? 96 What`s the difference between calling a function as &foo
and foo()
? 96 How do I create a switch or case statement? 96 How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods? 97 Why can`t a method included in this same file be found? 98 How can I find out my current package? 98 How can I comment out a large block of perl code? 98 AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT 98 perlfaq8 100 NAME 100 DESCRIPTION 100 How do I find out which operating system I`m running under? 100 How come exec()
doesn`t return? 100 How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse? 100 Keyboard 100 Screen 100 Mouse 100 How do I print something out in color? 100 How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key? 100 How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard? 102 How do I clear the screen? 102 How do I get the screen size? 102 How do I ask the user for a password? 103 How do I read and write the serial port? 103 lockfiles 103 open mode 103 end of line 103 flushing output 103 non-blocking input 104 How do I decode encrypted password files? 104 How do I start a process in the background? 104 STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared 104 Signals 104 Zombies 105 How do I trap control characters/signals? 105 How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system? 105 How do I set the time and date? 105 How can I sleep()
or alarm()
for under a second? 105 How can I measure time under a second? 106 How can I do an atexit()
or setjmp()/longjmp()
? (Exception handling) 106 Why doesn`t my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean? 106 How can I call my system`s unique C functions from Perl? 107 Where do I get the include files to do ioctl()
or syscall()
? 107 Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems? 107 How can I open a pipe both to and from a command? 107 Why can`t I get the output of a command with system()
? 107 How can I capture STDERR from an external command? 107 Why doesn`t open()
return an error when a pipe open fails? 109 What`s wrong with using backticks in a void context? 109 How can I call backticks without shell processing? 109 Why can`t my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, ^Z on MS-DOS)? 110 1 110 2 110 3 110 4 110 How can I convert my shell script to perl? 110 Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session? 110 How can I write expect in Perl? 110 Is there a way to hide perl`s command line from programs such as "ps"? 110 111 Unix 111 How do I close a process`s filehandle without waiting for it to complete? 111 How do I fork a daemon process? 111 How do I make my program run with sh and csh? 111 How do I find out if I`m running interactively or not? 111 How do I timeout a slow event? 111 How do I set CPU limits? 112 How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system? 112 How do I use an SQL database? 112 How do I make a system()
exit on control-C? 112 How do I open a file without blocking? 112 How do I install a CPAN module? 112 1 110 2 110 3 110 4 110 5 112 What`s the difference between require and use? 112 How do I keep my own module/library directory? 113 How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library search path? 113 How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime? 113 AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT 113 perlfaq9 114 NAME 114 DESCRIPTION 114 My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 Server Error) 114 How can I get better error messages from a CGI program? 114 How do I remove HTML from a string? 115 How do I extract URLs? 115 How do I download a file from the user`s machine? How do I open a file on another machine? 115 How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML? 116 How do I fetch an HTML file? 116 How do I automate an HTML form submission? 116 How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web? 116 How do I redirect to another page? 117 How do I put a password on my web pages? 117 How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl? 117 How do I make sure users can`t enter values into a form that cause my CGI script to do bad things? 117 How do I parse a mail header? 117 How do I decode a CGI form? 117 How do I check a valid mail address? 118 How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string? 119 How do I return the user`s mail address? 119 How do I send mail? 119 How do I read mail? 120 How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address? 120 How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups? 121 How do I fetch/put an FTP file? 121 How can I do RPC in Perl? 121 AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT 121 The Core Perl Manual 122 perl 122 NAME 122 SYNOPSIS 122 DESCRIPTION 123 Many usability enhancements 123 Simplified grammar 124 Lexical scoping 124 Arbitrarily nested data structures 124 Modularity and reusability 124 Object-oriented programming 124 Embeddable and Extensible 124 POSIX compliant 124 Package constructors and destructors 124 Multiple simultaneous DBM implementations 124 Subroutine definitions may now be autoloaded 124 Regular expression enhancements 124 Innumerable Unbundled Modules 125 Compilability 125 ENVIRONMENT 125 AUTHOR 125 FILES 125 SEE ALSO 125 DIAGNOSTICS 125 BUGS 125 NOTES 126 perl5004delta 127 NAME 127 DESCRIPTION 127 Supported Environments 127 Core Changes 127 List assignment to %ENV works 127 "Can`t locate Foo.pm in @INC" error now lists @INC 127 Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003 127 $PERL5OPT
environment variable 127 Limitations on -M
, -m
, and -T
options 127 More precise warnings 127 Deprecated: Inherited AUTOLOAD
for non-methods 127 Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable 128 Subroutine arguments created only when they`re modified 128 Group vector changeable with $)

128 Fixed parsing of $$<digit
,
&$<digit
,
etc. 128 Fixed localization of $<digit
,
$&,
etc. 128 No resetting of $.
on implicit close 128 wantarray
may return undef 129 eval EXPR
determines value of EXPR in scalar context 129 Changes to tainting checks 129 No glob() or <* 129 No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV 129 No spawning if tainted $TERM doesn`t look like a terminal name 129 New Opcode module and revised Safe module 129 Embedding improvements 129 Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes 129 Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface 130 New and changed syntax 130 $coderef-(PARAMS) 130 New and changed builtin constants 130 __PACKAGE__ 130 New and changed builtin variables 130 $^E 130 $^H 130 $^M 130 New and changed builtin functions 130 delete on slices 130 flock 130 printf and sprintf 130 keys as an lvalue 131 my() in Control Structures 131 pack() and unpack() 131 sysseek() 132 use VERSION 132 use Module VERSION LIST 132 prototype(FUNCTION) 132 srand 132 $_ as Default 132 m//gc does not reset search position on failure 132 m//x ignores whitespace before ?*+{} 132 nested sub{} closures work now 133 formats work right on changing lexicals 133 New builtin methods 133 isa(CLASS) 133 can(METHOD) 133 VERSION( [NEED] ) 133 TIEHANDLE now supported 134 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST 134 PRINT this, LIST 134 PRINTF this, LIST 134 READ this LIST 134 READLINE this 134 GETC this 135 DESTROY this 135 Malloc enhancements 135 -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK 135 -DPACK_MALLOC 135 -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE 135 Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements 135 Support for More Operating Systems 136 Win32 136 Plan 9 136 QNX 136 AmigaOS 136 Pragmata 136 use autouse MODULE = qw(sub1 sub2 sub3) 136 use blib 136 use blib `dir' 136 use constant NAME = VALUE 136 use locale 136 use ops 137 use vmsish 137 Modules 137 Required Updates 137 Installation directories 137 Module information summary 137 Fcntl 138 IO 138 Math::Complex 138 Math::Trig 139 DB_File 139 Net::Ping 139 Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators 139 Utility Changes 139 pod2html 139 Sends converted HTML to standard output 139 xsubpp 140 void XSUBs now default to returning nothing 140 C Language API Changes 140 gv_fetchmethod and perl_call_sv 140 perl_eval_pv 140 Extended API for manipulating hashes 140 Documentation Changes 140 perldelta 140 perlfaq 140 perllocale 140 perltoot 140 perlapio 140 perlmodlib 141 perldebug 141 perlsec 141 New Diagnostics 141 "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope 141 %s argument is not a HASH element or slice 141 Allocation too large: %lx 141 Allocation too large 141 Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s) 141 Attempt to free nonexistent shared string 141 Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr 141 Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package 142 Can`t redefine active sort subroutine %s 142 Can`t use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in use 142 Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s' 142 Constant subroutine %s redefined 142 Constant subroutine %s undefined 142 Copy method did not return a reference 142 Died 142 Exiting pseudo-block via %s 142 Identifier too long 142 Illegal character %s (carriage return) 142 Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: %s 142 Integer overflow in hex number 142 Integer overflow in octal number 142 internal error: glob failed 143 Invalid conversion in %s: "%s" 143 Invalid type in pack: `%s' 143 Invalid type in unpack: `%s' 143 Name "%s::%s" used only once: possible typo 143 Null picture in formline 143 Offset outside string 143 Out of memory! 143 Out of memory during request for %s 143 panic: frexp 143 Possible attempt to put comments in qw() list 143 Possible attempt to separate words with commas 144 Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s} 144 Stub found while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s' 144 Too late for "-T" option 144 untie attempted while %d inner references still exist 144 Unrecognized character %s 144 Unsupported function fork 144 Use of "$$<digit" to mean "${$}<digit" is deprecated 144 Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined() 145 Variable "%s" may be unavailable 145 Variable "%s" will not stay shared 145 Warning: something`s wrong 145 Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter 145 Got an error from DosAllocMem 145 Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX 146 PERL_SH_DIR too long 146 Process terminated by SIG%s 146 BUGS 146 SEE ALSO 146 HISTORY 146 perldata 147 NAME 147 DESCRIPTION 147 Variable names 147 Context 148 Scalar values 148 Scalar value constructors 150 List value constructors 152 Typeglobs and Filehandles 154 perlsyn 155 NAME 155 DESCRIPTION 155 Declarations 155 Simple statements 155 Compound statements 156 Loop Control 157 For Loops 158 Foreach Loops 158 Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements 160 Goto 162 PODs: Embedded Documentation 162 Plain Old Comments (Not!) 163 perlop 164 NAME 164 SYNOPSIS 164 DESCRIPTION 164 Terms and List Operators (Leftward) 164 The Arrow Operator 165 Auto-increment and Auto-decrement 165 Exponentiation 165 Symbolic Unary Operators 165 Binding Operators 166 Multiplicative Operators 166 Additive Operators 166 Shift Operators 166 Named Unary Operators 166 Relational Operators 167 Equality Operators 167 Bitwise And 167 Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or 168 C-style Logical And 168 C-style Logical Or 168 Range Operators 168 Conditional Operator 169 Assignment Operators 170 Comma Operator 170 List Operators (Rightward) 170 Logical Not 171 Logical And 171 Logical or and Exclusive Or 171 C Operators Missing From Perl 171 unary & 171 unary * 171 (TYPE) 171 Quote and Quote-like Operators 171 Regexp Quote-Like Operators 172 ?PATTERN? 173 m/PATTERN/cgimosx 173 /PATTERN/cgimosx 173 q/STRING/ 175 `STRING' 175 qq/STRING/ 175 "STRING" 175 qr/STRING/imosx 176 qx/STRING/ 176 `STRING` 175 qw/STRING/ 177 s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx 177 tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds 179 y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds 179 Gory details of parsing quoted constructs 180 Finding the end 180 Removal of backslashes before delimiters 181 Interpolation 181 <<`EOF', m`', s`'', tr///, y/// 181 `', q// 181 "", ``, qq//, qx//, 181 ?RE?, /RE/, m/RE/, s/RE/foo/, 181 Interpolation of regular expressions 182 Optimization of regular expressions 182 I/O Operators 182 Constant Folding 185 Bitwise String Operators 185 Integer Arithmetic 185 Floating-point Arithmetic 186 Bigger Numbers 186 perlre 187 NAME 187 DESCRIPTION 187 i 187 m 187 s 187 x 187 Regular Expressions 187 (?#text) 190 (?:pattern) 190 (?imsx-imsx:pattern) 190 (?=pattern) 190 (?!pattern) 190 (?<=pattern) 190 (? pattern) 190 (?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern) 193 (?(condition)yes-pattern) 193 (?imsx-imsx) 193 Backtracking 193 Version 8 Regular Expressions 196 WARNING on \1 vs $1
197 Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring 197 Creating custom RE engines 198 SEE ALSO 199 perlrun 200 NAME 200 SYNOPSIS 200 DESCRIPTION 200 1. 200 2. 200 3. 200 #! and quoting on non-Unix systems 201 OS/2 201 MS-DOS 201 Win95/NT 201 Macintosh 201 Location of Perl 202 Switches 202 -0[digits] 202 -a 202 -c 202 -d 202 -d:foo 202 -Dletters 202 -Dnumber 202 -e commandline 203 -Fpattern 203 -h 203 -i[extension] 203 -Idirectory 205 -l[octnum] 205 -m[-]module 205 -M[-]module 205 -M[-]`module ...' 205 -[mM][-]module=arg[,arg]... 205 -n 205 -p 206 -P 206 -s 206 -S 206 -T 207 -u 207 -U 207 -v 207 -V 207 -V:name 207 -w 207 -x directory 207 ENVIRONMENT 207 HOME 207 LOGDIR 207 PATH 207 PERL5LIB 207 PERL5OPT 208 PERLLIB 208 PERL5DB 208 PERL5SHELL (specific to WIN32 port) 208 PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS 208 PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL 208 perlfunc 209 NAME 209 DESCRIPTION 209 Perl Functions by Category 210 Functions for SCALARs or strings 210 Regular expressions and pattern matching 210 Numeric functions 210 Functions for real @ARRAYs 210 Functions for list data 210 Functions for real %HASHes 210 Input and output functions 210 Functions for fixed length data or records 210 Functions for filehandles, files, or directories 210 Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program 210 Keywords related to scoping 210 Miscellaneous functions 210 Functions for processes and process groups 210 Keywords related to perl modules 210 Keywords related to classes and object-orientedness 210 Low-level socket functions 210 System V interprocess communication functions 211 Fetching user and group info 211 Fetching network info 211 Time-related functions 211 Functions new in perl5 210 Functions obsoleted in perl5 210 Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions 211 -X FILEHANDLE 211 -X EXPR 211 -X 211 abs VALUE 213 abs 213 accept NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET 213 alarm SECONDS 213 alarm 213 atan2 Y,X 213 bind SOCKET,NAME 213 binmode FILEHANDLE 213 bless REF,CLASSNAME 214 bless REF 214 caller EXPR 214 caller 214 chdir EXPR 214 chmod LIST 214 chomp VARIABLE 215 chomp LIST 215 chomp 215 chop VARIABLE 215 chop LIST 215 chop 215 chown LIST 215 chr NUMBER 216 chr 216 chroot FILENAME 216 chroot 216 close FILEHANDLE 216 close 216 closedir DIRHANDLE 216 connect SOCKET,NAME 216 continue BLOCK 217 cos EXPR 217 crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT 217 dbmclose HASH 218 dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE 218 defined EXPR 218 defined 218 delete EXPR 219 die LIST 219 do BLOCK 220 do SUBROUTINE(LIST) 220 do EXPR 220 dump LABEL 221 each HASH 221 eof FILEHANDLE 222 eof () 222 eof 222 eval EXPR 222 eval BLOCK 222 exec LIST 224 exec PROGRAM LIST 224 exists EXPR 225 exit EXPR 225 exp EXPR 225 exp 225 fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR 225 fileno FILEHANDLE 226 flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION 226 fork 227 format 227 formline PICTURE,

For Erin and Jen Bennet, growing up in craft-beer-obsessed Colorado made opening Bennet Sisters Brewing their only dream. Their beer is popular, but like any small business, their brewery is never far from closing forever. When Boston brewer Charlie Betters and his friend Darcy Fitzwilliam ask for their help, the Bennet sisters are happy for the attractive distractions. Life, after all, is more than making beer. Still, while Charlie and Jen seem to be made for each other, Darcy's pretentiousness and her cruel remarks make a bad first impression. Despite this, and almost against her will, Erin finds herself attracted to Darcy, but events out of their control result in a misunderstanding that might ruin the chances for love for both couples.

Lady Aeryn Dunning was not blessed with children. But the beautiful young widow finds solace freeing those of others living a life of misery on London’s streets or in its dangerous factories. To her, these tiny souls should be happy and in school, not forced to work in unbearable conditions.Arrogant Royce Garrington is a politician whose tragic past made him cold and uncaring. The handsome lord hates wasting time on inconsequential matters and sees the Factory Act, aimed at helping women and children in textile mills, as one of these. There are, in his eyes, more pressing issues to address. The two meet under the most unusual circumstances, and Royce is drawn to the ravishing redhead. Aeryn knows of the scoundrel and wants nothing to do with him. But when Royce threatens her father’s reputation, Aeryn is forced to agree to a most scandalous entente. Neither expected the torrent of emotions that would overwhelm them. Can she melt his granite heart? Is love enough to sway the opposition?

Niemand kent de geboorte zo goed als Uwe Porters. De schrijfster is al bijna tien jaar lang vroedvrouw en sinds enkele jaren ook zelf moeder. Beide roepingen vervult ze met een groot hart en een voortdurende bewondering voor nieuw leven. In haar debuut Verlos ons vertelt de jonge auteur verhalen uit de verlossingskamer. In deze kamer heeft zij talloze ouders in spe bijgestaan en werd zij op een mooie dag zelf bijgestaan. Het zijn verhalen over het belangrijkste moment in ons leven: het begin. Soms is dat begin prachtig, ontroerend en wondermooi, soms rauw, hard en breekbaar. Met een heldere en poëtische stijl vat dit boek wat voor ons mensen het belangrijkste is. Want hoe onmiskenbaar we als mensen ook kunnen verschillen, we worden allemaal geboren. Ongeacht geaardheid, huidskleur, geloof... Uwe Porters ziet dagelijks wat ons verbindt: liefde die voortkomt uit een nieuw gezicht. Bron: Flaptekst, uitgeversinformatie

O'HenrijsGausīgie ierāvējiStāsti: Džefs Pīters personiska magnēta lomā . Astoņkājis sēklī . Izpriecas mūsdienu laukos . Filantromatemātikas katedra . Roka, kas vanda pasauli . Laulība — eksaktā zinātne . Apcirptais vilks . Sirdsapziņa mākslā . Augstākais amats . Cūcīgā ētika . Mērens vējš . Mamons un bultraidis . Ziedonis ā la carte . Zelta apļa māsas . Pēc divdesmit gadiem . Sirdis un krusti . Izpirkšanas nauda par Maku . Higieja Solito rančo . Kupridons ā la carte . Sfinksas ābols . Aizdevums līdz atprasījumam . Burvīgais profils . Gandrīz vai lasāmviela . Dubultblēdis . Melnā Billa paslēptuve . Kļūmīgā kārtula . Džimijs Heiss un Mjūriela . Migla Santonā . Veltīgs upuris . Pavasara vēstnesis . Iztaisnotais aplis . Harlemas traģēdija . īstais vainīgais . Elsija Ņujorkā . Bērni džungļos . Izbaudīts uz savas ādas . Sirdis un rokas . Humorista atzīšanāsO. Henrijs, īstā vārdā Viljams Sidnijs Porters bija amerikāņu rakstnieks. Viljams Sidnijs Porters dzimis Grīnsboro Ziemeļkarolīnā ārsta ģimenē. Kad Viljamam bija trīs gadi, viņa māte nomira no tuberkulozes.

A chronicle of the first black-controlled union, made up of Pullman porters, who after years of unfair labor practices staged a battle against a corporate giant resulting in a ''David and Goliath'' ending

Lady Aeryn Dunning was not blessed with children. But the beautiful young widow finds solace freeing those of others living a life of misery on London’s streets or in its dangerous factories. To her, these tiny souls should be happy and in school, not forced to work in unbearable conditions.Arrogant Royce Garrington is a politician whose tragic past made him cold and uncaring. The handsome lord hates wasting time on inconsequential matters and sees the Factory Act, aimed at helping women and children in textile mills, as one of these. There are, in his eyes, more pressing issues to address. The two meet under the most unusual circumstances, and Royce is drawn to the ravishing redhead. Aeryn knows of the scoundrel and wants nothing to do with him. But when Royce threatens her father’s reputation, Aeryn is forced to agree to a most scandalous entente. Neither expected the torrent of emotions that would overwhelm them. Can she melt his granite heart? Is love enough to sway the opposition?

From the enduring global dominance of Guinness to exciting new craft porters to the resurgence of Russian imperial stouts, porters and stouts are among the most popular beer styles today among homebrewers and craft beer drinkers alike. __In Brewing Porters and Stouts__ widely respected beer and brewing writer Terry Foster presents the history and development of these styles as well as the guidance and expertise necessary to successfully homebrew them yourself.The book opens with the history of the styles, including the invention of porter in eighteenth-century England, how stouts were born from porters (stouts were originally bolder and stronger or __stout__ porters), the development in the United Kingdom, and introduction to Ireland and eventually the United States, where they remained popular even as they fell out of favor in Britain and surged in popularity as the craft brewing revolution took hold. Foster then goes on to explore the many sub-styles of porters and stouts, providing commercial examples and showcasing some of the most exciting developments in craft brewing today, before breaking down the ingredients, including the various malts as well as special flavorings—such as vanilla, coffee, chocolate, and even bourbon—and finally the yeasts, hops, and waters that are well suited to brewing these styles. Finally, Foster provides a collection of sixty recipes—up to six for each sub-style—showcasing the variety and range of ingredients explored in the book and providing both extract and all-grain instructions.__Brewing Porters and Stouts__ belongs in the library of every craft beer drinker or homebrewer.

Between World War I and World War II, African Americans' quest for civil rights took on a more aggressive character as a new group of black activists challenged the politics of civility traditionally embraced by old-guard leaders in favor of a more forceful protest strategy. Beth Tompkins Bates traces the rise of this new protest politics--which was grounded in making demands and backing them up with collective action--by focusing on the struggle of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters (BSCP) to form a union in Chicago, headquarters of the Pullman Company. Bates shows how the BSCP overcame initial opposition from most of Chicago's black leaders by linking its union message with the broader social movement for racial equality. As members of BSCP protest networks mobilized the black community around the quest for manhood rights and economic freedom, they broke down resistance to organized labor even as they expanded the boundaries of citizenship to include equal economic opportunity. By the mid-1930s, BSCP protest networks gained platforms at the national level, fusing Brotherhood activities first with those of the National Negro Congress and later with the March on Washington Movement. Lessons learned during this era guided the next generation of activists, who carried the black freedom struggle forward after World War II.

Terry Foster was born and educated in London and holds a PhD in organic chemistry from the University of London. He started brewing some fifty years ago and has been brewing at home ever since. He has written for several magazines, including Zymurgy, All About Beer, American Brewer, and Brew Your Own. Terry is the author of Pale Ale and Porter in Brewers Publications' Classic Beer Styles series, contributor of several pieces to The Oxford Companion to Beer edited by Garrett Oliver, and writer of a regular Techniques column for Brew Your Own. He live in Stratford, Connecticut.;Cover; Title Page; Copyright; Deciation; Contents; Introduction; Chapter 1: How It All Began ... And Nearly Ended; Chapter 2: Porter and Stout Definitions; Chapter 3: Porter and Stout Raw Materials; Chapter 4: The Other Ingredients; Chapter 5: Brewing Porters and Stouts-Recipes; Selected Bibliography.

A CBC BOOKS MUST-READ NONFICTION BOOK FOR BLACK HISTORY MONTH Nominated for the Toronto Book Award Smartly dressed and smiling, Canada's black train porters were a familiar sight to the average passenger—yet their minority status rendered them politically invisible, second-class in the social imagination that determined who was and who was not considered Canadian. Subjected to grueling shifts and unreasonable standards—a passenger missing his stop was a dismissible offense—the so-called Pullmen of the country's rail lines were denied secure positions and prohibited from bringing their families to Canada, and it was their struggle against the racist Dominion that laid the groundwork for the multicultural nation we know today. Drawing on the experiences of these influential black Canadians, Cecil Foster's They Call Me George demonstrates the power of individuals and minority groups in the fight for social justice and shows how a country can change for the better.

There are things that are known only to the long porter of Tong Tong Tarrup as he sits and mumbles memories to himself in the little bastion gateway.

A CBC BOOKS MUST-READ NONFICTION BOOK FOR BLACK HISTORY MONTH Nominated for the Toronto Book Award Smartly dressed and smiling, Canada's black train porters were a familiar sight to the average passenger—yet their minority status rendered them politically invisible, second-class in the social imagination that determined who was and who was not considered Canadian. Subjected to grueling shifts and unreasonable standards—a passenger missing his stop was a dismissible offense—the so-called Pullmen of the country's rail lines were denied secure positions and prohibited from bringing their families to Canada, and it was their struggle against the racist Dominion that laid the groundwork for the multicultural nation we know today. Drawing on the experiences of these influential black Canadians, Cecil Foster's They Call Me George demonstrates the power of individuals and minority groups in the fight for social justice and shows how a country can change for the better.

The Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters created a sea of change in labour and race relations in the US. For the first time in US history, a black labour union played a central role in shaping labor and civil rights policy. Based on interviews and archival research, this new book tells the story of the union and its charismatic leader C.L. Dellums, starting from the BSCP's origins as the first national union of black workers in 1925. In 1937, the BSCP made history when it compelled one of the largest US corporations - the Pullman Company - to recognize and negotiate a contract with a black workers'union. C. L. Dellums was a leading civil rights activist as well as a labor leader. In 1948, he was chosen to be the first West Coast Regional Director of the NAACP. This book is an inspiring testament to both him and the unions transformative impact on US society.

From the enduring global dominance of Guinness to exciting new craft porters to the resurgence of Russian imperial stouts, porters and stouts are among the most popular beer styles today among homebrewers and craft beer drinkers alike. __In Brewing Porters and Stouts__ widely respected beer and brewing writer Terry Foster presents the history and development of these styles as well as the guidance and expertise necessary to successfully homebrew them yourself.The book opens with the history of the styles, including the invention of porter in eighteenth-century England, how stouts were born from porters (stouts were originally bolder and stronger or __stout__ porters), the development in the United Kingdom, and introduction to Ireland and eventually the United States, where they remained popular even as they fell out of favor in Britain and surged in popularity as the craft brewing revolution took hold. Foster then goes on to explore the many sub-styles of porters and stouts, providing commercial examples and showcasing some of the most exciting developments in craft brewing today, before breaking down the ingredients, including the various malts as well as special flavorings—such as vanilla, coffee, chocolate, and even bourbon—and finally the yeasts, hops, and waters that are well suited to brewing these styles. Finally, Foster provides a collection of sixty recipes—up to six for each sub-style—showcasing the variety and range of ingredients explored in the book and providing both extract and all-grain instructions.__Brewing Porters and Stouts__ belongs in the library of every craft beer drinker or homebrewer.

Cambridge Imperial and Post-Colonial Studies Erscheinungsdatum: 08.11.2022

"A valuable window into a long-underreported dimension of African American history."— Newsday An engaging social history that reveals the critical role Pullman porters played in the struggle for African American civil rights When George Pullman began recruiting Southern blacks as porters in his luxurious new sleeping cars, the former slaves suffering under Jim Crow laws found his offer of a steady job and worldly experience irresistible. They quickly signed up to serve as maid, waiter, concierge, nanny, and occasionally doctor and undertaker to cars full of white passengers, making the Pullman Company the largest employer of African American men in the country by the 1920s. In the world of the Pullman sleeping car, where whites and blacks lived in close proximity, porters developed a unique culture marked by idiosyncratic language, railroad lore, and shared experience. They called difficult passengers "Mister Charlie"; exchanged stories about Daddy Jim, the legendary first Pullman porter; and learned to distinguish generous tippers such as Humphrey Bogart from skinflints like Babe Ruth. At the same time, they played important social, political, and economic roles, carrying jazz and blues to outlying areas, forming America's first black trade union, and acting as forerunners of the modern black middle class by virtue of their social position and income. Drawing on extensive interviews with dozens of porters and their descendants, Larry Tye reconstructs the complicated world of the Pullman porter and the vital cultural, political, and economic roles they played as forerunners of the modern black middle class. Rising from the Rails provides a lively and enlightening look at this important social phenomenon. Named a Recommended Book by The Boston Globe , San Francisco Chronicle , and The Seattle Times

'A valuable window into a long-underreported dimension of African American history.'—NewsdayAn engaging social history that reveals the critical role Pullman porters played in the struggle for African American civil rightsWhen George Pullman began recruiting Southern blacks as porters in his luxurious new sleeping cars, the former slaves suffering under Jim Crow laws found his offer of a steady job and worldly experience irresistible. They quickly signed up to serve as maid, waiter, concierge, nanny, and occasionally doctor and undertaker to cars full of white passengers, making the Pullman Company the largest employer of African American men in the country by the 1920s.In the world of the Pullman sleeping car, where whites and blacks lived in close proximity, porters developed a unique culture marked by idiosyncratic language, railroad lore, and shared experience. They called difficult passengers'Mister Charlie'; exchanged stories about Daddy Jim, the legendary first Pullman porter; and learned to distinguish generous tippers such as Humphrey Bogart from skinflints like Babe Ruth. At the same time, they played important social, political, and economic roles, carrying jazz and blues to outlying areas, forming America's first black trade union, and acting as forerunners of the modern black middle class by virtue of their social position and income.Drawing on extensive interviews with dozens of porters and their descendants, Larry Tye reconstructs the complicated world of the Pullman porter and the vital cultural, political, and economic roles they played as forerunners of the modern black middle class. Rising from the Rails provides a lively and enlightening look at this important social phenomenon.• Named a Recommended Book by The Boston Globe, San Francisco Chronicle, and The Seattle Times

<p><strong>A CBC BOOKS MUST-READ NONFICTION BOOK FOR BLACK HISTORY MONTH</strong></p> <p><strong>Nominated for the Toronto Book Award</strong></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Smartly dressed and smiling, Canada’s black train porters were a familiar sight to the average passenger—yet their minority status rendered them politically invisible, second-class in the social imagination that determined who was and who was not considered Canadian. Subjected to grueling shifts and unreasonable standards—a passenger missing his stop was a dismissible offense—the so-called Pullmen of the country’s rail lines were denied secure positions and prohibited from bringing their families to Canada, and it was their struggle against the racist Dominion that laid the groundwork for the multicultural nation we know today. Drawing on the experiences of these influential black Canadians, Cecil Foster’s </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">They Call Me George </span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;">demonstrates the power of individuals and minority groups in the fight for social justice and shows how a country can change for the better.</span></p>

xiv, 267 pages : 24 cm The Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters was the first national trade union for African Americans. Standard BSCP histories focus on the men who built the union: few acknowledge the important role of the Ladies' Auxiliary in shaping public debates over black manhood and unionization, setting political agendas for the black community, and crafting effective strategies to win racial and economic justice In this first book-length history of the women of the BSCP, Melinda Chateauvert brings to life an entire group of women ignored in previous histories of the Brotherhood and of working-class women, situating them in the debates among women's historians over the ways that race and class shape women's roles and gender relations. Chateauvert's work shows how the auxiliary, made up of the wives, daughters, and sisters of Pullman porters, used the Brotherhood to claim respectability and citizenship. Pullman maids, relegated to the auxiliary, found their problems as working women neglected in favor of the rhetoric of racial solidarity The auxiliary actively educated other women and children about the labor movement, staged consumer protests, and organized local and national civil rights campaigns ranging from the 1941 March on Washington to school integration to the Montgomery bus boycott Includes bibliographical references (pages 201-258) and index Introduction : the brotherhood story -- The case against Pullman -- It was the women who made the union : organizing the brotherhood -- Striking for the new manhood movement -- The first ladies' auxiliary to the first Negro trade union in the world -- A bigger and better ladies' auxiliary -- The duty of fair representation : brotherhood sisters and brothers -- Union wives, union homes -- We talked of democracy and learned it can be made to work : politics -- Disharmony in the official family : dissolution of the International Ladies' Auxiliary, 1956-57 -- Appendix : BSCP Ladies' Auxiliary membership, 1940-56

Indispensable immigrants recreates the world of peasants who streamed into the cities of late-medieval and early modern northern Italy to carry crushingly heavy containers of wine. Written in an easily accessible and unassuming style, it is solidly grounded in previously untapped archival and visual sources. In this first ever reconstruction of the forgotten métier of wine porter, topography plays a key role in forming the labour market; in the scramble to distinguish professionals from manual labourers the term artist gets divorced from lowly artisan, and wretched diet is invoked to explain why workers are so unintelligent; the wine porters make one of their own their patron saint in thirteenth-century Cremona and other interest groups scheme successfully to get him canonised in Rome five centuries later; and when enlightened despots abolish the guilds, the wine porters' trade fades away just as the candles on their patron's altars sputter and die out.

The handbook of stouts and porters is the ultimate, complete, and definitive guide to some of the most complex and original beers available in the market today. It has an extensive history of the two styles, has all the up-to-do info on the current brewing trends, and has hundreds of reviews, along with profiles and other food and tasting tips. Some of the leading edges of the new craft beer revolution have found their expression in unique stouts and porters. Big, round, and roasty, these are huge, brawny beers that have gathered a following. Imperial stouts in porters barrel aged, highly hopped, or aged in bourbon, whiskey, and wine barrels. The history and development of stout and porter and intertwined. Porter was originally an English dark beer style, made popular by street and river porters of London in the 18th century. Because of its huge popularity, London brewers made them in a variety of strengths, and the term stout was used for the stronger, fuller bodied porters. They were labeled as stout porters but eventually, porter was dropped from the label and stout became its own unique dark brew, distinctively made with roasted barley. Porters are conceived as sweeter on the nose and palate and remain firmly in the brown spectrum.

'A valuable window into a long-underreported dimension of African American history.'—NewsdayAn engaging social history that reveals the critical role Pullman porters played in the struggle for African American civil rightsWhen George Pullman began recruiting Southern blacks as porters in his luxurious new sleeping cars, the former slaves suffering under Jim Crow laws found his offer of a steady job and worldly experience irresistible. They quickly signed up to serve as maid, waiter, concierge, nanny, and occasionally doctor and undertaker to cars full of white passengers, making the Pullman Company the largest employer of African American men in the country by the 1920s.In the world of the Pullman sleeping car, where whites and blacks lived in close proximity, porters developed a unique culture marked by idiosyncratic language, railroad lore, and shared experience. They called difficult passengers'Mister Charlie'; exchanged stories about Daddy Jim, the legendary first Pullman porter; and learned to distinguish generous tippers such as Humphrey Bogart from skinflints like Babe Ruth. At the same time, they played important social, political, and economic roles, carrying jazz and blues to outlying areas, forming America's first black trade union, and acting as forerunners of the modern black middle class by virtue of their social position and income.Drawing on extensive interviews with dozens of porters and their descendants, Larry Tye reconstructs the complicated world of the Pullman porter and the vital cultural, political, and economic roles they played as forerunners of the modern black middle class. Rising from the Rails provides a lively and enlightening look at this important social phenomenon.• Named a Recommended Book by The Boston Globe, San Francisco Chronicle, and The Seattle Times

" Fascinating and instructive...A readable and significant book, one that invites the attention of all students of race and labor history."-Neil R. McMillen, The Historian

Rapid Ray Lewis was arguably the fastest man of his generation. He won medals in the 1932 Olympics and the 1934 British Empire Games, and countless races in North America. Remarkable achievements for any man -- but all the more remarkable because Lewis had to race poverty and prejudice. The geat-grandson of slaves, he worked as a porter on the railway, and trained by running alongside the tracks when the train was stopped on the prairies.__Rapid Ray__ is far more than a sports autobiography; it is as much a history of one man's battle for equality as it is a history of Olympic-level track. Throughout his long life -- he is now in his nineties -- Ray Lewis has fought discrimination not only in sports, but in every walk of life.__From the Trade Paperback edition.__

The Cape Breton Collection contains some of the finest 20th-century fiction and poetry from the island. With selections from authors like Farley Mowat, Hugh MacLennan and Silver Donald Cameron, the volume includes a wide range of styles and moods.

Cover 1 Half Title, Title Page, Copyright, Dedication 3 Contents 9 List of figures 10 Prologue: The setting, the main characters, and two questions 13 I: Alberto 21 1. The legend of Saint Alberto 23 2. The life of Alberto 33 3. The afterlife of Alberto 35 II: The wine porters 45 4. The brenta and the brentatori 47 5. Topography and migration 76 6. Porters of the imagination 88 III: Sainthood 113 7. Making saints 115 8. Sainthood by community 127 9. Sainthood by the papacy 155 Epilogue: Dignity and memory 182 Appendix: Sources and studies pertaining to brentatori 196 Notes 204 Index 234 Publisher:Manchester University Press,Published:2015,ISBN:9781526101761,Language:English,OCLC:964878353 Indispensable immigrants recreates the world of peasants who streamed into the cities of late medieval and early modern northern Italy to carry crushingly heavy containers of wine. Written in an easily accessible and unassuming style, it is solidly grounded in previously untapped archival and visual sources. In this first-ever reconstruction of the forgotten metier of wine porter, topography plays a key role in forming the labour market; in the scramble to distinguish professionals from manual labourers the term artist gets divorced from lowly artisan, and wretched diet is invoked to explain why workers are so unintelligent; the wine porters make one of their own their patron saint in thirteenth-century Cremona and other interest groups scheme successfully to get him canonised in Rome five centuries later; and when enlightened despots abolish the guilds, the wine porters’ trade fades away just as the candles on their patron’s altars sputter and die out.

<p><br>Between World War I and World War II, African Americans' quest for civil rights took on a more aggressive character as a new group of black activists challenged the politics of civility traditionally embraced by old-guard leaders in favor of a more forceful protest strategy. Beth Tompkins Bates traces the rise of this new protest politics--which was grounded in making demands and backing them up with collective action--by focusing on the struggle of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters (BSCP) to form a union in Chicago, headquarters of the Pullman Company. <p> Bates shows how the BSCP overcame initial opposition from most of Chicago's black leaders by linking its union message with the broader social movement for racial equality. As members of BSCP protest networks mobilized the black community around the quest for manhood rights and economic freedom, they broke down resistance to organized labor even as they expanded the boundaries of citizenship to include equal economic opportunity. By the mid-1930s, BSCP protest networks gained platforms at the national level, fusing Brotherhood activities first with those of the National Negro Congress and later with the March on Washington Movement. Lessons learned during this era guided the next generation of activists, who carried the black freedom struggle forward after World War II.</p> <h3>Tera W. Hunter</h3> <p>This is an excellent piece of scholarship.</p>

SHORTLISTED FOR THE 2024 DUBLIN LITERARY AWARDWINNER OF THE 2022 SCOTIABANK GILLER PRIZEWINNER OF THE CITY OF CALGARY W.O. MITCHELL BOOK PRIZEWINNER OF THE 2023 GEORGES BUGNET AWARD FOR FICTIONFINALIST FOR THE 2023 GOVERNOR GENERAL'S AWARD FOR ENGLISH-LANGUAGE FICTIONPUBLISHERS WEEKLY TOP 20 LITERARY FICTION BOOKS OF 2022OPRAH DAILY: BOOKS TO READ BY THE FIRETHE GLOBE 100: THE BEST BOOKS OF 2022CBC BOOKS: THE BEST CANADIAN FICTION OF 2022SHORTLISTED FOR THE CAROL SHIELDS PRIZE FOR FICTIONSHORTLISTED FOR THE 2022 REPUBLIC OF CONSCIOUSNESS PRIZEWhen a mudslide strands a train, Baxter, a queer Black sleeping car porter, must contend with the perils of white passengers, ghosts, and his secret love affair The Sleeping Car Porter brings to life an important part of Black history in North America, from the perspective of a queer man living in a culture that renders him invisible in two ways. Affecting, imaginative, and visceral enough that you'll feel the rocking of the train, The Sleeping Car Porter is a stunning accomplishment. Baxter's name isn't George. But it's 1929, and Baxter is lucky enough, as a Black man, to have a job as a sleeping car porter on a train that crisscrosses the country. So when the passengers call him George, he has to just smile and nod and act invisible. What he really wants is to go to dentistry school, but he'll have to save up a lot of nickel and dime tips to get there, so he puts up with “George.” On this particular trip out west, the passengers are more unruly than usual, especially when the train is stalled for two extra days; their secrets start to leak out and blur with the sleep-deprivation hallucinations Baxter is having. When he finds a naughty postcard of two queer men, Baxter's memories and longings are reawakened; keeping it puts his job in peril, but he can't part with the postcard or his thoughts of Edwin Drew, Porter Instructor.'Suzette Mayr's The Sleeping Car Porter offers a richly detailed account of a particular occupation and time—train porter on a Canadian passenger train in 1929—and unforcedly allows it to illuminate the societal strictures imposed on black men at the time—and today. Baxter is a secretly-queer and sleep-deprived porter saving up for dental school, working a system that periodically assigns unexplained demerits, and once a certain threshold is reached, the porter loses his job. Thus, success is impossible, the best one can do is to fail slowly. As Baxter takes a cross-continental run, the boarding passengers have more secrets than an Agatha Christie cast, creating a powder keg on train tracks. The Sleeping Car Porter is an engaging and illuminating novel about the costs of work, service, and secrets.'– Keith Mosman, Powell's Books'I thought The Sleeping Car Porter was fantastic! It strikes a balance between being about the struggles of being black and gay at that time while not being too heavy handed with it. I enjoyed his constant mental math on how many demerits he might receive for each infraction. The reader really gets a sense of the conflict that Baxter is going through. I really liked reading a book from the perspective of a porter.'– Hunter Gillum, Beaverdale Books

320 p. : 28 cm Translation of: Beers of the world Includes index "Una guía completa con más de 350 de la mejores cervezas del mundo, desde las que se elaboran en los monaterios trapenses de Bélgica hasta las que producen las pequeñas fábricas artesanales de Estados Unidos."--P. [4] of cover

<p><br>Between World War I and World War II, African Americans' quest for civil rights took on a more aggressive character as a new group of black activists challenged the politics of civility traditionally embraced by old-guard leaders in favor of a more forceful protest strategy. Beth Tompkins Bates traces the rise of this new protest politics--which was grounded in making demands and backing them up with collective action--by focusing on the struggle of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters (BSCP) to form a union in Chicago, headquarters of the Pullman Company. <p> Bates shows how the BSCP overcame initial opposition from most of Chicago's black leaders by linking its union message with the broader social movement for racial equality. As members of BSCP protest networks mobilized the black community around the quest for manhood rights and economic freedom, they broke down resistance to organized labor even as they expanded the boundaries of citizenship to include equal economic opportunity. By the mid-1930s, BSCP protest networks gained platforms at the national level, fusing Brotherhood activities first with those of the National Negro Congress and later with the March on Washington Movement. Lessons learned during this era guided the next generation of activists, who carried the black freedom struggle forward after World War II.</p> <h3>Tera W. Hunter</h3> <p>This is an excellent piece of scholarship.</p>