ISBN: 978-0-89629-350-2
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2499/9780896293502
IFPRI’s flagship report reviews the major food policy issues, developments, and decisions of 2018, and considers challenges and opportunities for 2019 at the global and regional levels. This year’s Global Food Policy Report highlights the urgency of rural revitalization to address a growing crisis in rural areas. Rural people around the world continue to struggle with food insecurity, persistent poverty and inequality, and environmental degradation. Policies, institutions, and investments that take advantage of new opportunities and technologies, increase access to basic services, create more and better rural jobs, foster gender equality, and restore the environment can make rural areas vibrant and healthy places to live and work—a benefit for all. Drawing on recent findings, IFPRI researchers and other distinguished food policy experts consider critical aspects of rural revitalization:
• How can a rurbanomics approach that strengthens rural–urban linkages—from farms to small towns to megacities—promote rural revitalization?
• Can high rates of rural poverty, malnutrition, and hunger be reduced fast enough to meet the Sustainable Development Goals and revitalize rural areas?
• How can increasing rural connectivity through roads and information technologies in Africa create more and better jobs, especially in the nonfarm sector, for vital rural communities?
How can programs and policies designed to reach, benefit, and empower women and girls contribute not only to greater gender equity but also to rural revitalization for all?
What incentives can help rural areas restore and improve the natural environment for better rural living conditions, greater sustainability, and a healthier planet?
• Can solar power provide the access to electricity that Africa’s rural communities need to foster growth and livelihood opportunities?
• What institutions can ensure effective and accountable governance that will increase the voice of the rural poor and marginalized communities in shaping rural revitalization?
What can developing countries learn from Europe’s extensive experience with rural revitalization for stronger rural economies
and a better environment?
• What major trends and events affected food security and nutrition across the globe in 2018 and what trends will be important to watch in 2019?
• The 2019 Global Food Policy Report also presents data tables for several key food policy indicators, including country-level data on agricultural spending and research investment, productivity in agriculture, and projections for future agricultural production and consumption. In addition, the report includes illustrative figures, tables, and a timeline of events affecting food security and nutrition in 2018.
For more information about the 2019 Global Food Policy Report: gfpr.ifpri.info
Preface 9
Acknowledgments 11
Food Policy in 2018–2019: Growing Urgency to Address the SDGs 12
Shenggen Fan 12
Rural Revitalization: Tapping into New Opportunities 22
Achim Steiner and Shenggen Fan 22
Poverty, Hunger, and Malnutrition: Challenges and Breakthroughs for Rural Revitalization 32
Homi Kharas and Lorenz Noe 32
Employment and Livelihoods: Connecting Africa’s Rural and Urban Areas for Rural Revitalization 42
Xinshen Diao, Paul Dorosh, Mekamu Kedir Jemal, Adam Kennedy, and James Thurlow 42
Gender Equality: Women’s Empowerment for Rural Revitalization 50
Agnes Quisumbing, Ruth Meinzen-Dick, and Hazel Malapit 50
Environment: Revitalizing, Restoring, and Improving Rural Areas 58
Claudia Ringler and Ruth Meinzen-Dick 58
Renewable Energy: Bringing Electricity to Revitalize Africa’s Rural Areas 66
Channing Arndt 66
Governance: Making Institutions Work for Rural Revitalization 74
Katrina Kosec and Danielle Resnick 74
Europe’s Experience: Investing in Rural Revitalization 84
Alan Matthews 84
Regional Developments 92
Africa 94
Ousmane Badiane, Julia Collins, Tsitsi Makombe, and John Ulimwengu 94
Middle East and North Africa 100
Clemens Breisinger, Nadim Khouri, and Fatma Mahfouz 100
Central Asia 105
Kamiljon Akramov, Jarilkasin Ilyasov, Evgeny Tsvetnov, and Allen Park 105
South Asia 110
Anjani Kumar, Abdul Wajid Rana, Stephen Davies, Akhter Ahmed, and P. K. Joshi 110
East and Southeast Asia 115
Kevin Chen, Peter Timmer, David Dawe, and Zimeiyi Wang 115
Latin America and the Caribbean 119
Eugenio Díaz-Bonilla and Valeria Piñeiro 119
Food Policy Indicators: Tracking Change 124
Agricultural Science and Technology Indicators (ASTI) 126
Statistics on Public Expenditures for Economic Development (SPEED) 131
Food Policy Research Capacity Indicators (FPRCI) 136
Agricultural Total Factor Productivity (TFP) 138
Projections of Food Production, Consumption, and Hunger 143
Notes 151
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Africa 94
Middle East and North Africa 100
Central Asia 105
South Asia 110
East and Southeast Asia 115
Latin America and the Caribbean 119
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Agricultural Science and Technology Indicators (ASTI) 126
Statistics on Public Expenditures for Economic Development (SPEED) 131
Food Policy Research Capacity Indicators (FPRCI) 136
Agricultural Total Factor Productivity (TFP) 138
Projections of Food Production, Consumption, and Hunger 143
11-BK_2019_GFPR_indicators_pg_cx138-139.pdf -1
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Agricultural Science and Technology Indicators (ASTI) 126
Statistics on Public Expenditures for Economic Development (SPEED) 131
Food Policy Research Capacity Indicators (FPRCI) 136
Agricultural Total Factor Productivity (TFP) 138
Projections of Food Production, Consumption, and Hunger 143
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