Contents 4
Art in the First Years of the Revolution 7
‘Picasso, this is not the new art.’ 7
The Spiritual Universe 8
The ROSTA Windows (Russian Telegraph Agency) of Petrograd 14
The Sevodnia Artel 17
The VKhUTEMAS [Higher Art and Technical Studios] 17
Wassily Kandinsky 18
The Struggle Against Gravity 23
The ‘Renaissance’ of Vitebsk 27
Schools and Movements 39
The Institute of Artistic Culture 39
The Additional Element 40
Elena Guro 43
The Signal for a Return to Nature 44
The End of the INKhUK 47
Malevich’s Second Peasant Cycle 48
The Rebellion Against God 51
The National ‘Tone’ of Colour 54
Filonov and the Masters of Analytical Art 59
The Kalevala 70
Artistic Groups in the 1920s 75
Sculpture, Porcelain and Textile Manufacture 93
The Avant-Garde Stopped in its Tracks 96
MAJOR ARTISTS 103
The Association of Artists of Revolutionary Russia (AKhRR), (renamed in 1928 The Association of Artists of the Revolution - AKhRR), 1922-1932, Moscow - Leningrad 104
Circle of Artists, 1925-1932, Leningrad 107
The Masters of Analytical Art (MAI), 1925-1932, Leningrad 108
The Makovets, 1921-1925, Moscow 111
The World of Art, 1898-1904, 1910-1924, St Petersburg - Moscow 112
Monolith, 1918-1922, Moscow 115
The New Society of Painters (NOZh), 1921-1914, Moscow 115
Oktiabr (including the group Molodoi Oktiabr), 1930-1932, Moscow — Leningrad 116
Painters of Moscow, 1924-1926, Moscow 119
The Four Arts Society of Artists, 1925-1932, Leningrad — Moscow 120
The Society of Moscow Artists (OMKh), 1927-1932, Moscow 122
The Union of Youth, 1910-1914, 1917-1919, St Petersburg — Petrograd 124
Nathan Altman (Vinnitsa, 1889 - Leningrad, 1970) 126
Yuri Annenkov (Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski, 1889 - Paris, 1974) 128
Sergei Bulakovski (Odessa, 1880 - Kratovo, 1937) 128
Leon Bakst (Grodno, 1866 - Paris, 1924) 130
David Burliuk (Hamlet of Semirotovchtchina (now region of Kharkov), 1882 - Long Island, New York, 1967) 134
Marc Chagall (Vitebsk, 1887 - Saint-Paul-de-Vence, 1985) 136
Alexander Shevchenko (Kharkov, 1883 - Moscow, 1948) 140
Yuri Schukin (Voronej, 1904 - Moscow, 1935) 142
Maria Ender (St Petersburg, 1897 - Leningrad, 1942) 142
Vera Ermolaeva (Petrovsk, 1893 - district of Karaganda, victim of Stalinist repression, 1938) 144
Evguenija Evenbach (Krementchug, 1889 - Leningrad, 1981) 146
Alexandra Exter (Belostok, 1882 - Fontenay-aux-Roses, 1949) 148
Robert Rafailovich Falk (Moscow, 1886 - Moscow, 1958) 150
Pavel Filonov (Moscow, 1883 - Leningrad, 1941) 152
Natalia Goncharova (Negayevo, 1881 - Paris, 1962) 154
Elena Guro (St Petersburg, 1877 - Uusikirkko, 1913) 156
Lev Yudin (Vitebsk, 1903 - Leningrad, died on the front near Leningrad, 1941) 158
Pyotr Kontchalovsky (Slaviansk, 1876 - Moscow, 1956) 160
Wassily Kandinsky (Moscow, 1866 - Neuilly-sur-Seine, 1944) 162
Valentin Kurdov (Mikhailovskoie, 1905 - Leningrad, 1989) 166
Mikhail Larionov (Tiraspol, 1881 - Fontenay-aux-Roses, 1964) 168
Vladimir Lebedev (St Petersburg, 1891 - Leningrad, 1967) 172
Aristarkh Lentulov (Vorona, 1882 - Moscow, 1943) 174
Lazar Lissitzky, known as El-Lissitzky (Potchinok, 1890 - Moscow, 1941) 176
Ilya Mashkov (Hamlet of Mikhailovskaya, now district of Ourioupinsk, region of Volgograd, 1881 - Moscow, 1944) 178
Kazimir Malevich (Kiev, 1878 - Leningrad, 1935) 178
Mikhail Matiushin (Nijni-Novgorod, 1861 - Leningrad, 1934) 180
Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin (Khvalynsk, 1878 - Leningrad, 1939) 184
Alexander Rodchenko (St Petersburg, 1891 - Moscow, 1956) 186
Mikhail Sokolov (Yarloslavl, 1885 - Moscow, 1947) 188
Nikolai Suetin (Miatlevskaya, 1897 - Leningrad, 1954) 190
Vladimir Tatlin (Moscow, 1885 - Moscow, 1953) 192
Notes 194
Bibliography 196
Index 196
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