Special functions are mathematical functions that have established names and notations due to their importance in mathematical analysis, functional analysis, geometry, physics, or other applications. This short text gives clear descriptions and explanations of the Gamma function, the Probability Integral and its related functions, Spherical Harmonics Theory, The Bessel function, Hermite polynomials and Laguerre polynomials. Each chapter finishes with a description of how the function is most commonly applied and a set of examples for the student to work through.

Org. Process Res. Dev. 2020.24:1508-1514

Describes the basics of ROS metabolism in plants and examines the broad range of ROS signaling mechanisms New discoveries about the effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on plants have turned ROS from being considered a bane into a boon, because their roles have been discovered in many plant developmental processes as signaling molecules. This comprehensive book teaches about the role of ROS metabolism in plants and how they affect various developmental processes. It also discusses in detail the advancements made in understanding the ROS signaling. Reactive Oxygen Species in Plants: Boon Or Bane - Revisiting the Role of ROS begins by presenting the basic introduction to ROS and deciphers the detailed knowledge in ROS research. It then examines the broad range of ROS signaling mechanisms as well as how they may be beneficial for plants and human beings. This book also describes both the bane and boon aspects of ROS with their impact on plants, and how the recent revelations have compelled us to rethink ROS turning from stressors to plant regulators. ● Compiles, for the first time, the wholesome knowledge in ROS research and their cellular signaling ● Includes new discoveries and in-depth discussions about the advancements made in the field ● Discusses reactive oxygen species which are involved in a broad range of biological processes Reactive Oxygen Species in Plants: Boon Or Bane - Revisiting the Role of ROS will help scientists to utilize the functions of ROS signaling for plants and also enable readers to gain a deeper knowledge of ROS research and signaling. It is highly recommended for researchers, scientists, and academicians in plant science as well for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students.

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Special functions are mathematical functions that have established names and notations due to their importance in mathematical analysis, functional analysis, geometry, physics, or other applications. This short text gives clear descriptions and explanations of the Gamma function, the Probability Integral and its related functions, Spherical Harmonics Theory, The Bessel function, Hermite polynomials and Laguerre polynomials. Each chapter finishes with a description of how the function is most commonly applied and a set of examples for the student to work through.

Sustainable Food Technology (2023), 1, 126-142, doi:10.1039/D2FB00016D

Taking a multidisciplinary approach, this book focuses on recent milestones in basic and applied mycology, focusing on many and diverse applications in the agricultural, food, and biofuel sectors. Applied Mycology for Agriculture and Foods: Industrial Applications provides an informative update of the current biological status of fungi and advances in conventional and modern molecular tools in identification, taxonomy of fungi, and applications of different taxonomic groups of fungi in various sectors, such as agriculture, food development, postharvesting, biological control of crop diseases, biofertilizers, bioremediation, pigments, pharmaceuticals, enzymes, biofuel production, etc. The volume addresses fungal biodiversity conservation, the emerging field of fungal metagenomics, the role of fungi in eco-safety and warfare, and the bioprospecting of fungi for hydrocarbons for biofuel production. Several chapters discuss using fungi in agricultural management, such as for the biocontrol of plant diseases, using entomopathogenic fungi as a pesticide, using nematophagous fungi for controlling nematodes that eat crops, using fungi in the development of biofertilizers, and more. The role of fungi in post-harvest diseases management in horticultural crops is looked at as well. Key features: Provides up-to-date information and advances in biological status and classification of fungi Discusses the comprehensive role of fungi in various sectors, in food and agriculture, in biofuel production, in the production of production of antibiotics or antimicrobial agents, etc. Presents the recent systemic taxonomic classifications, developments, applications in molecular mycology and conservation strategies for mycoflora Aiming to bridge the knowledge gap between basic and applied aspects of mycology, this volume provides a wealth of information that will be valuable for researchers, industrial scientists, faculty and students in mycology and plant pathology as well as in botany, microbiology, food microbiology, pharmaceutical development, biotechnology and biofuel production, and other professional disciplines.

Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers (2022), 9, 2315-2327, doi:10.1039/d2qi00325b

New Journal of Chemistry (2022), 46, 10246-10255, doi:10.1039/D2NJ01177H

Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers (2024), 11, 3555-3565, doi:10.1039/d4qi00268g

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Description based on print version record.

Wiley s Problems in Organic Chemistry ( With Solutions ) for IIT JEE Main and Advanced Dr. K Singh

The population of the world continues to increase at an alarming rate. The trouble linked with overpopulation ranges from food and water scarcity to inadequacy of space for organisms. Overpopulation is also linked with several other demographic hazards, for instance, population blooming will not only result in exhaustion of natural repositories, but it will also induce intense pressure on the world economy. Today nanotechnology is often discussed as a key discipline of research but it has positive and negative aspects. Also, due to industrialization and ever-increasing population, nano-pollution has been an emerging topic among scientists for investigation and debate. Nanotechnology measures any substance on a macromolecular scale, molecular scale, and even atomic scale. More importantly, nanotechnology deals with the manipulation and control of any matter at the dimension of a single nanometer. Nanotechnology and nanoparticles (NPs) play important roles in sustainable development and environmental challenges as well. NPs possess both harmful and beneficial effects on the environment and its harboring components, such as microbes, plants, and humans. There are many beneficial impacts exerted by nanoparticles, however, including their role in the management of waste water and soil treatment, cosmetics, food packaging, agriculture, biomedicines, pharmaceuticals, renewable energies, and environmental remedies. Conversely, NPs also show some toxic effects on microbes, plants, as well as human beings. It has been reported that use of nanotechnological products leads to the more accumulation of NPs in soil and aquatic ecosystems, which may be detrimental for living organisms. Further, toxic effects of NPs on microbes, invertebrates, and aquatic organisms including algae, has been measured. Scientists have also reported on the negative impact of NPs on plants by discussing the delivery of NPs in plants. Additionally, scientists have also showed that NPs interact with plant cells, which results in alterations in growth, biological function, gene expression, and development. Thus, there has been much investigated and reported on NPs and plant interactions in the last decade. This book discusses the most recent work on NPs and plant interaction, which should be useful for scientists working in nanotechnology across a wide variety of disciplines.

RSC Advances (2022), 12, 3801-3808, doi:10.1039/D1RA08614F

BENEFICIAL CHEMICAL ELEMENTS OF PLANTS Understand beneficial elements and their role in the future of botany and agriculture Beneficial elements are those which, while not essential to plant life, can provide stimulation and enhance plant growth. Properly harnessed, these elements can bolster plant growth in the face of environmental conditions―including drought, nutrient deficiency, and excessive soil salinity―and biotic stresses like pathogens and animal activity. As climate change and population growth pose increasingly serious challenges to agriculture and essential plant production, it has never been more important to unleash the potential of beneficial elements. Beneficial Chemical Elements of Plants is an essential resource for researchers and industry specialists looking to enhance their understanding of these elements and the range and variety of their enhancements to plant growth. Written by leading scholars in the field of plant stress tolerance and nutrient enrichment, it discusses not only the rich possibilities of beneficial elements but their mechanisms of action at both biochemical and molecular levels. It details the precise potential roles played by each major beneficial element and surveys a range of elemental responses to specific environmental conditions and plant stresses. Beneficial Chemical Elements of Plants readers will also find: Chapters covering beneficial elements including aluminum, cobalt, sodium, selenium, and silicon Discussion of application methods and typical plant responses Treatment of beneficial elements in a wider environmental context Beneficial element applications to the field of sustainable agriculture Beneficial Chemical Elements of Plants is a fundamental starting point for researchers and students in the fields of plant physiology, crop science, agriculture, and botany, as well as for professionals in the biotechnology and agricultural industries.

Abiotic Stress and Legumes: Tolerance and Management is the first book to focus on these important factors in legume productivity. As a primary and increasingly important food source, efficient legume productivity relies on the plant's ability to effectively adapt to environmental challenges. The book takes a targeted approach to understanding the methods and means of ensuring survival and productivity of the legume plant. It illustrates the progress that has been made in managing abiotic stress effects in legumes, including the development of several varieties that show tolerance against abiotic stress with high yield using transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic and ionomic approaches. Further, exogenous application of various stimulants, such as plant hormones, nutrients, sugars and polyamines has emerged as an alternative strategy to induce capability within legume plants to manage their productivity under abiotic stresses. This book thoroughly examines these emerging strategies and serves as an important resource for researchers, academicians, scientists, and those interested in enhancing their knowledge and aiding further research. Explores the progress made in managing abiotic stress, specifically with high yield legumes Highlights the molecular mechanisms related to acclimation Presents proven strategies and emerging approaches to guide additional research

Visualization Techniques for Climate Change with Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence covers computer-aided artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies as related to the impacts of climate change and its potential to prevent/remediate the effects. As such, different types of algorithms, mathematical relations and software models may help us to understand our current reality, predict future weather events and create new products and services to minimize human impact, chances of improving and saving lives and creating a healthier world. This book covers different types of tools for the prediction of climate change and alternative systems which can reduce the levels of threats observed by climate change scientists. Moreover, the book will help to achieve at least one of 17 sustainable development goals i.e., climate action. Includes case studies on the application of AI and machine learning for monitoring climate change effects and management Features applications of software and algorithms for modeling and forecasting climate change Shows how real-time monitoring of specific factors (temperature, level of greenhouse gases, rain fall patterns, etc.) are responsible for climate change and possible mitigation efforts to achieve environmental sustainability

An initiative of the Neurological Society of India The Neurological Society of India (NSI) is the apex body representing neuroscientists in India. For the last 4 years, the society has been publishing a compilation on contemporary topics for neurologists and neurosurgeons titled Progress in Clinical Neurosciences. NSI has now taken a further step in its attempt at knowledge dissemination by publishing this book—Practical Neurosurgery: Analysis of Clinical Cases—written by eminent experts in the field. This book adopts a problem-solving approach to help neurosurgical practitioners in decision-making and management of their cases. It establishes treatment protocols by analyzing different clinical cases and their diagnosis, and suggests a systematic, algorithmic approach to their management. The NSI has managed to bring together eminent neurosurgeons from all major medical institutes of the country in a collaborative effort ensuring that the collection is interesting, educative, and immensely informative. The highlights of this collection are: Clinical approaches of management and presentation of cases in a systematic manner: from the very basic to the very complex. Carefully-researched, detailed information and state-of-the-art perspective in the field Learning tools like flowcharts, figures, boxes, tables, illustrations, and clinical images to elucidate concepts Simple, lucid language to aid comprehension.

New Journal of Chemistry (2018), 42, 9306-9316, doi:10.1039/C8NJ00855H

Cover Title Page Copyright Foreword Preface About the Book About the Author Acknowledgements Brief Contents Detailed Contents Part I: Text Chapter 1: Consumer Behaviour and its Applications Chapter Objectives Introduction Consumer: an Overview Definitions of Consumer The 7 O’s Framework Distinction Between Customer and Consumer Characteristics of Consumer Elements/factors that Influence Consumer Cultural Factors Personal Factors Social Factors Psychological Factors Innovation and Inventions Importance of Study of Consumer Behaviour Importance for Consumers Importance for Marketers Importance for the Students of Human Psychology Application to Decision-maker Consumer Approaches Managerial Approach A Holistic Approach Application of Consumer Principles in Marketing Consumer and Marketing Management Selecting Target Market Consumer Behaviour and Marketing Strategy Marketing Mix Determinations/marketing Mix Decisions Use of Consumer StudiesiIn Social and Non-profit Marketing Summary Multiple Choice Questions Self-assessment Questions Chapter 2: Consumer Behaviour and Market Segmentation Chapter Objectives Introduction Concept of Market Segmentation Procedure of Segmentation Segmentation Definitions Market Segmentation Defined Levels of Market Segmentation Segmenting Marketing Niche Marketing Target Marketing Local Marketing Individual Marketing Mass Marketing Patterns of Market Segmentation Homogeneous Preferences Diffused Preferences Clustered Preferences Various Criteria to Segment Market Geographic Segmentation Demographic Segmentation Economic Segmentation Psychographic Segmentation Factors Influencing Segmentation Size, Objectives and Resources of the Company Nature of Market Type of Product Mix Competitive Strategy of Firm Business Market Segmentation Business to Business Marketing (B-2-B Marketing) Classification of Industrial Buying Products and Services B2B Market Segmentation Macro-segmentation Micro-segmentation Evaluating Market Segments Size and Growth Competitive Analysis Company Objectives and Resources Market Targeting Evaluating and Selecting the Market Segments Single-segment Concentration Selective Specialization Product Specialization Market Specialization Full Market Coverage Summary Multiple Choice Questions Self-assessment Questions Chapter 3: Environment influence on Consumer Behaviour Chapter Objectives Introduction Culture: An Overview Culture and Values are Inherited/learned Consumer and Cultural Influence Features of Culture Elements of the Cultural Web Social Class’ Influence on Consumer Number and Type of Social Class Measurement of Social Class Application of Social Class in Consumer Reference Group and Family Influence Reference Groups’ Influence on Consumption Process Types of Reference Groups Factors Affecting Reference Group Family Influence Family Decision Making Family Purchase Roles Family Decision Roles Variables of Family Purchase Roles Conflict Resolution in Family Decision Making Marketer’s Strategy Personal Influence Opinion Leaders Marketing Strategy and Opinion Leadership Innovation and Diffusion Process Types of Innovations Continuous Innovation Dynamic Continuous Innovation Discontinuous Innovation Basic Elements of Diffusion Process 1. Innovation 2. Time 3. Social System Diffusion of Innovation Criteria for Acceptance of Innovation Types of Innovators Marketing Innovation Analysis and Diffusion Enhancement Strategies Adoption Adoption Process Adopter Categories Adopter Category Categories of Adopters The KAI Summary Multiple Choice Questions Self-assessment Questions Chapter 4: Individual Determinants of Consumer Behaviour Chapter Objectives Introduction Motivation, Personality and Self-concept Nature of Motives Definitions of Motivation Significance of Motivation Process of Motivation Consumer Motivation and Market Place Consumer Decision Making Consumer Conflict Resolution Theories of Motivation Maslow’s Need Priority Model Implications of Maslow’s Hierarchy Theory Herzberg’s Motivation – Two Factor Theory Mcgregor’s Theory X and Theory Y Theory X Theory Y Theory Z Personality and Self-concept Definitions of Personality Features of Personality Theories of Personality Freudian Theory Trait Theory Social Theory Self-image Theory Personal Factors Affecting Consumer Buying Age and Life-cycle Stage Occupation and Income Life-style Personality Marketing Implications of Self-concept Self-concept Self-image Consumer Perception Definition Features of Perception The Perceptual Process Perceptual Selection Perceptual Organizations Perceptual Interpretation Consumer Learning Definition of Learning Conditions of Learning Theories of Learning Classical Conditioning Instrumental Conditioning Cognitive Learning Theory Vicarious Learning Consumer Attitude Formation Meaning of Attitude Nature of Attitudes Components of Attitude Functions of Attitude Theory-of-Reasoned-action Model Theory of Attitude By Heider Balance Theory of Attitude Congruity Theory of Attitude by P.H. Tannenbaum Attitude and Marketing Strategy Attitude Change/form Attitude Measurement Technique Thurstone Scale Likert Scale Summary Multiple Choice Questions Self-assessment Questions Chapter 5: Consumer Decision Making Chapter Objectives Introduction Types of Buying Decision Behaviour Consumer Buying Decision Making Process Problem Recognition Types of Problem Recognition Search and Evaluating Pre-purchase Search Ongoing Search Internal Search External Search Household Decision Process Purchase Process Factors Determining Store’s Choice 1. Store Location 2. Advertising and Sales Promotion 3. Personnels Post-purchase Dissonance Cognitive Dissonance Conditions Leading to Dissonance Consumer Models Nicosia Model The Webster and Wind Model of Decision Making Howard Sheath Model Outcome of Model Engel, Blackwell, Miniard Model Model (EBM) Mcneals’ Basic Model of Consumer Some Other Important Models of Buying Economic Model of Buying Learning Model of Buying Sociological Model of Buying System Model of Buying Consumerism Consumer Problems and Dissatisfaction Elements of Consumerism Need of Consumerism Consumer Protection Act District Forum State Commissions National Commission Organizational Buying Organizational Buying Vs. Consumer Buying Buying Decision Process New Tasks Modified Rebury Straight Rebury Summary Multiple Choice Questions Self-assessment Questions Chapter 6: Behavioural Based Safety Management Chapter Objectives Introduction Concept Of Safety Employees’ Safety Safety Management Behavioral Safety Why Corporates have Started Taking Interest in BBSM? Managers Role in Developing BBSM Culture in Organizations Reasons For Unsafe Behaviour Patterns Ways To Stop Unsafe Behaviour Patterns Benefits Of Behaviour Based Safety Management (BBSM) Summary Multiple Choice Questions Self-assessment Questions Chapter 7: Consumer Protection Act, 1986 Chapter Objectives Introduction Who is a Consumer? Consumer Protection Act, 1986 Rights of Consumers 1. Right to Safety 2. Right to Information 3. Right to Choose 4. Right to be Heard 5. Right to Education 6. Right to Seek Redressal 7. Right to Healthy Environment 8. Right to Consumer Education Responsibilities of Consumers 1. Responsibility of Self-help 2. Proof of Transactions 3. Proper Claim 4. Proper Use of Product/services Consumer Protection Councils Central Consumer Protection Council (Sec. 4 to 6) Who Can File a Complaint? What Complaints may be Lodged? [(Sec2)(1)] and Where to File a Complaint? Filing a Complaint Under the Consumer Protection Act, 1986 Procedure of Admission of Complaint (Sec. 13) Complaint against defective television before the consumer Disputes redressal forum at rohini (delhi Performa of Filing Complaint Consumer Dispute Redressal Agencies District Forum Jurisdiction of the District Forum Procedure on Receipt of Complaint Findings of the District Forum Appeal Against Orders of the District Forum State Commission Jurisdiction of the State Commission Procedure to be Followed by State Commission Procedure for Hearing Appeals Appeals Against Orders of State Commission National Commission Jurisdiction of the National Commission Procedure to be Followed by the National Commission Appeal against Orders of the National Commission Limitation Period Dismissal of Frivolous or Vexatious Complaints Penalties Guidelines for Consumer Protections by United Nations I. Objectives II. General Principles III. Guidelines IV. International Co-operation Summary Multiple Choice Questions Self-assessment Questions Chapter 8: Retail Consumer and Outlet Selection Behaviour Pattern Chapter Objectives Introduction Factors affecting Consumer’s Choice in Outlet Selection Variety of Merchandise Availability Time to Travel Level of Convenience at Shopping Family Life-cycle Stage Ambience of the Outlet Retail Outlet Selection Process Consumer Attributes & Outlet Selection Perceived Risk Shopping Orientations Outlet Choice vs Brand Choice Summary Multiple Choice Questions Self-assessment Questions Chapter 9: Customer Relationship Management (crm) Chapter Objectives Introduction Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Definitions of CRM Features of CRM Sales Force Automation Marketing Automation Customer Service, Help Desk, or Contact Centre/call Centre Automation Reporting and Analysis Collaboration Functions of CRM Marketing Automation Sales Force Automation Customer Service Electronic Commerce Marketing Automation Types of CRM Operational CRM Collaborative CRM Analytical CRM The CRM Process 1. Identify Your Target Market & Value Proposition 2. Define Overall CRM Strategy and Consider Costs 3. Define How Each Customer Type will be Handled 4. Select CRM Software to Measure Performance 5. Continue Re-engaging the Customers Misconception about Customers Four Benefits of Implementing a Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Strategy 1. Maximize Up and Cross-selling 2. Identify High Value Customers & Prospects 3. Optimize Marketing 4. Maximize Customer Lifetime Value Reason for the Failure of Customer Oriented Programmes A Vague Objective A Vague Direction Improper Past Analysis Absence of Important Insights Lack of Proper Evaluation How to Retain Customers? Retention Equity Sticky Sites Provide Extra Benefits Teach the Customer Touch their Hearts Delight them Customer Relationship Management in Services Marketing Inseparability Intangibility No Standardization Customer Relationship Management, Expectations, and Word-of-mouth Customer Relationship Management, Products, Goods, and Predicting Customer Best Practices of Effective Crm Involvement of Top Management Restructure Employee Compensation to Reinforce CRM Priorities Managing Cultural Diversity Concentrate on Customer Lifecycle Value Push the Project if you are Serious. And Keep Pushing Provide Training and Support. Prepare for Continuous Improvement Future Trends of Crm CRM as a Service Integrated Customer Experience Strategies Social CRM Touch Point Management for B2B CRM Vendor Relationship Management Loyalty Management and Payment Systems are Going Mobile Extended Relationship Management (XRM) Summary Multiple Choice Questions Self-assessment Questions Chapter 10: Misbehaviour of Customer and Marketing Activities Chapter Objectives Introduction Consumer Misbehaviour and Marketing Activities Misbehaviour in Acquiring Products Misbehaviour with Respect to Marketing Activities Consumer Misbehaviour With Respect to Available Products in the Market Consumer Misbehaviour With Respect to Price Prevailing in the Competitive Market Consumer Misbehaviour With Respect to Distribution of Goods Consumer Expectation and Behaviour Balance Summary Multiple Choice Questions Self-assessment Questions Chapter 11: Consumer Loyalties Repeat Purchase Behaviour Chapter Objectives Introduction Brand Loyalty Behavioural Approaches to Brand Loyalty Features of Consumers’ Brand Loyalty Brand Equity and Brand Leverage Model of Loyalty and Satisfaction Group 1 Loyalists Group 2 Defectors Group 3 Mercenaries Group 4 Hostages Repeat Purchasing Behaviour Customer Switching Behaviour Summary Multiple Choice Questions Self-assessment Questions Chapter 12: Introduction to Marketing Communication Management Chapter Objectives Introduction Meaning of Advertising Personal Selling Non-personal Selling Principle of Advertisement Advertising and Psychology Nature of Advertising How does Advertising Work? Getting Attention Processing Information Information Evaluation Attitude Formation Evaluation Types of Advertising 1. Television Advertising/music in Advertising 2. Infomercials 3. Radio Advertising 4. Online Advertising 5. Covert Advertising 6. Press Advertising 7. Billboard Advertising 8. Mobile Billboard Advertising 9. In-store Advertising 10. Coffee Cup Advertising 11. Street Advertising Advertising and Various other Promotional Tools Definitions of Promotion Sales Promotion Informative Promotion Persuasive Promotion Reminder Promotion Buyer Modifications Importance of Promotional Activities Sale of the Goods in Imperfect Markets Filling the Gap Between Producers and Consumers Facing Intense Competition Large Scale Selling Higher Standard of Living More Employment Increased Trade Pressures Effective Sales Support Increased Speed of Produce Acceptance Publicity Personal Selling Steps in Personal Selling Prospecting & Evaluation Pre-approach Approach Presentation Handling Objection Closing of Sale Follow Up Direct Marketing Event Sponsorship Some Examples of Various Events Role of Advertising in Promotional Mix Market Communication Analysis Competitor Analysis Target Market Analysis Customer Analysis Positioning Analysis Merits and Demerits of Advertising Merits of Advertising Demerits of Advertising 1. Managerial Difficulties 2. Increase in the Cost of Goods 3. Deferred Revenue Expenditure 4. Misleading 5. Barriers to Entry 6. Product Proliferation 7. Inefficient Manufacturers Stay in Business Segmentation Strategies for Advertising Consumer Advertising Industrial Advertising Trade Advertising Professional Advertising Targeting Strategies for Advertising Types Positioning Strategies for Advertising Types Summary Multiple Choice Questions Self-assessment Questions Chapter 13: Advertising and Campaign Planning Chapter Objectives Introduction Objectives of Campaign Developing the Campaign Programme Campaign Planning Marketing Merchandising Motivation Message Media Money Measurement Steps in Advertising Campaign 1. Appraisal of Advertising Opportunity 2. Analyze and Define Target Market 3. Set Advertising Objectives 4. Determine Advertising Budget 5. Determine Media and Creative Strategy 6. Create Ads, Pre-test and Release Ads 7. Evaluate Final Results (post-testing) Advertising Companies in India Top Advertising Companies of India Copywriting Copy Elements 1. Headline 2. The Subhead 3. The Body Copy 4. Print Copy 5. The Closing Idea Creativity in Copywriting Creative Process in Advertising Creativity and Advertising Copy Writing for Print Media: (major Focused Areas) Elements of Creative Advertising Strategy Strategic Objective Advertising Message Product and its Positioning Back-up Claim Creative Style Advertising Budget Advertising Budget Process Budgetary Approaches in Formulation of Advertising Budget A. Top-down Approach Bottom-up Budgeting Factors Affecting Allocation of the Budget Management of Advertising Agencies Agency Accreditation Types of Advertising Agencies Functions of Advertising Agencies Measuring Of Advertising Effectiveness Communication Effect Research Pre-testing Ads Post-testing Ads Sales Effect Research Split-run Test Essentials of Effective Testing 1. Use Multiple Measures 2. Use a Consumer Response Model 3. Understanding and Implement Proper Research 4. Establish Communication Objective Ethical and Social Issues in Advertising 1. Advertising as Untruthful or Deceptive 2. Nudity Approach 3. Shock Advertising 4. Advertising as Offensive or in Bad Taste 5. Advertising and Children Social Issues in Advertising 1. Increase in Impulse Buying Habits 2. Advertising and Stereotyping 3. Advertising Increases Materialism Role of Advertising in Natural Development Advertising for Corporate Social Responsibility Role of Advertising in Sustainable Development Outdoor Advertising Environmental Advertising Summary Multiple Choice Questions Self-assessment Questions Chapter 14: Integrated Marketing Communication Chapter Objectives Introduction Meaning of Communication Objectives of Marketing Communication Communication Process Seven Steps for Effective Communication 1. Listening 2. Talk Brief 3. Consider Using Names 4. Talk Confidently 5. Use Non-verbal Communication to Send your Message Effectively 6. Take Care of your Language and Jargon 7. Create a Level of Comfort Integrated Marketing Communication Meaning of IMC Definitions of IMC Supportive Communication 1. Outdoor Advertising Media 2. Transit Advertising 3. Cinema/film Advertising Role of Integrated Marketing Communication in Marketing Mix Advertising Sales Promotions Publicity Direct Marketing Types of Direct Marketing Personal Selling A Five Stage Personal Selling Process Factors Affecting Communication Mix Nature of the Product Stage in the Product Life Cycle Target Market Type of Buying Decision Available Funds Six M’s Model of Communication Planning 1. M – Market 2. M – Mission 3. M – Message 4. M – Media 5. Money 6. Measurement IMC Brand Building Relationship Model The IMC Model The Database Targeting Markets Data-driven Messages for Building Brand Awareness Crafting the Message The Relevance Factor: What is in it for me? Building Awareness Customers: Acquiring Brand Knowledge IMC Budgeting Methods Budgeting for the Marketing Communication Methods of Setting Communication Budgets Summary Self-assessment Questions Multiple Choice Questions Chapter 15: E-commerce: an effective tool of marketing communication Chapter Objectives Introduction E-commerce Features of E-commerce Categories of E-commerce Working of E-business E-commerce Commercial World The Importance of E-commerce for Indian Business Organizations Drawbacks of E-commerce Anyone Can Set up an E-commerce Website Security Online Marketing and Customers Commercial Online Services World Wide Web Customer Experiences of WWW Developing Markets with the Help of E-commerce Important Factors to be Considered E-marketing Products and Markets Challenges Posed by Traditional Marketing Retailing in E-business Global E-commerce and Future Trends Future Trends Summary Multiple Choice Questions Self-assessment Questions Chapter 16: Rural Buying Chapter Objectives Introduction Rural Marketing Need and Wants of Rural Consumer Definitions of Rural Marketing Reasons for the Urban-rural Disparities Low Priority to Agriculture Subsistence Orientation of Agriculture Failure of Land Reforms Inadequate Food Supplies Slow Growth of Infrastructure Inadequate Inputs Characteristics of Rural Markets Environment Social Relations Peculiarity Low Exposure to Marketing Stimuli Dependence on Nature Employment and Income Seasonality Rising Rural Prosperity Rural Marketing Models for Consumer Buying Evaluation Steps for Implementation of the Rural Marketing Model Rural Marketing Models Advertising in Rural Area Van Campaign Door-to-door Campaigns – Branding at the Door-step Theatre Branding and Trials – Success through Silver Screen Campus Activation Wall Paintings – Writing Success Event Management Interactive Games – For Effective Communication Visual Merchandising Pilot Launches The Agricultural Produce Market Committee (apmc) Village Catalyst Haats Marketing Strategies Trickle-down Approach Undifferentiated Approach Differentiated Approach Future of Rural Marketing in India Some Amazing Facts & Figures About Indian Rural Market Summary Multiple Choice Questions Self-assessment Questions Part II: Cases & Articles Cases Challenger Sports Bharat Aviation Company Mr. Dinesh Kulhan Ice-kool Reach India Ltd. M/s. Instant Electrics Hotel Black Pearl The Living Barbie’s Chocolates Maggi-Production Expansion Titan Heads for a New Segment Consumer’s Perception Fine Construction Co. Culture Motivation Wal-mart Knows Its Customers Weld Well Company Giorgio Beverly Hills Articles Consumer’s Decision MakingPreeminent Tool to The Consumer is the Key Facebook and Consumer Learning Process How Do Online Product Reviews Help Consumer Decision Making? Consider Consumer Psychology For Shoppers, Next Level of Instant Gratification Bibliography Index

New Journal of Chemistry (2020), 44, 3341-3349, doi:10.1039/c9nj04805g

Describes the basics of ROS metabolism in plants and examines the broad range of ROS signaling mechanisms New discoveries about the effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on plants have turned ROS from being considered a bane into a boon, because their roles have been discovered in many plant developmental processes as signaling molecules. This comprehensive book teaches about the role of ROS metabolism in plants and how they affect various developmental processes. It also discusses in detail the advancements made in understanding the ROS signaling. Reactive Oxygen Species in Plants: Boon Or Bane - Revisiting the Role of ROS begins by presenting the basic introduction to ROS and deciphers the detailed knowledge in ROS research. It then examines the broad range of ROS signaling mechanisms as well as how they may be beneficial for plants and human beings. This book also describes both the bane and boon aspects of ROS with their impact on plants, and how the recent revelations have compelled us to rethink ROS turning from stressors to plant regulators. ● Compiles, for the first time, the wholesome knowledge in ROS research and their cellular signaling ● Includes new discoveries and in-depth discussions about the advancements made in the field ● Discusses reactive oxygen species which are involved in a broad range of biological processes Reactive Oxygen Species in Plants: Boon Or Bane - Revisiting the Role of ROS will help scientists to utilize the functions of ROS signaling for plants and also enable readers to gain a deeper knowledge of ROS research and signaling. It is highly recommended for researchers, scientists, and academicians in plant science as well for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students.

New Journal of Chemistry (2020), 44, 13350-13356, doi:10.1039/d0nj02714f

This book gathers a collection of high-quality peer-reviewed research papers presented at the 4th International Conference on Data and Information Sciences (ICDIS 2022), held at Raja Balwant Singh Engineering Technical Campus, Agra, India, on May 6 – 7, 2022. The book covers all aspects of computational sciences and information security, including central topics like artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and big data. Highlighting the latest developments and technical solutions, it will show readers from the computer industry how to capitalize on key advances in next-generation computer and communication technology.

This book offers a groundbreaking exploration of how Artificial Intelligence is revolutionizing cybersecurity and digital forensics. It covers a wide range of topics, from AI-based threat detection and zero-day vulnerability defense to legal frameworks and ethical considerations in cybercrime investigations.

Metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs) are a substantial category of nanomaterials that have numerous implications in science and technology owing to their distinctive characteristics such as high surface-to-volume ratio, large surface area, and abundance on earth. The present book chapter attempts to present a brief summary of research on MONPs, including available synthesis routes, techniques for characterization, and some of the unique nanoscale physicochemical features. Further, we provided an overview of the defining specific applications of MONPs in a variety of applied nanotechnology domains. We anticipate that this chapter will contribute to an increase in understanding and the recent developments in the utilizations of MONPs in specific industrial sectors.

Have you ever felt tired of your situations? Tired of problems? Enough of facing them everyday? And you go to sleep feeling spent! And the very next day you are ready to go back to the grind! Back to win the world! Do you want to know how some people can face life’s challenges easily while some give up? Resilience is that important quality in life that helps us bounce back. It is that grit that helps us rise like a phoenix from the ashes, the psychological strength that helps us dodge the challenges life throws at us and protect ourselves from stress, depression, setbacks and trauma. Do you want to build this quality that has made a difference in every achiever’s life? Do you want to know the secrets of this art to apply in your own life? Grab a copy of this book and enjoy reading and becoming a little more resilient in your life.

This book gathers a collection of high-quality peer-reviewed research papers presented at the 3rd International Conference on Data and Information Sciences (ICDIS 2021), held at Raja Balwant Singh Engineering Technical Campus, Agra, India, on May 14 – 15, 2021. In chapters written by leading researchers, developers, and practitioner from academia and industry, it covers virtually all aspects of computational sciences and information security, including central topics like artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and big data. Highlighting the latest developments and technical solutions, it will show readers from the computer industry how to capitalize on key advances in next-generation computer and communication technology.

Nanomaterials exhibit the tendency to alter the fundamental properties with the size in the range of nanometers. The fascinating nanomaterials exhibit excellent fundamental properties and possess numerous applications in the fields of science and technology. However, the concept of nanomaterials already existed in prehistoric times unknowingly. Therefore, the present chapter discusses the historical overview, usage, and development of nanomaterials from the prehistoric time to the modern age. The scientific milestones achieved for the development of nanomaterials and nanotechnology have also been covered. Further, the properties at the nanoscale have been discussed in terms of confinement effect and the surface-to-volume ratio. The classification of nanomaterials based on several factors such as origin, composition, and dimensionality are elaborated. This chapter also included the possible synthesis approaches along with their benefits and disadvantages. Moreover, we briefly explore the general overview of nanomaterials for a variety of applications in the fields of energy, medicine, electronics, sensing, defense, etc.

Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 119 (2020) 108000. doi:10.1016/j.inoche.2020.108000

This book highlights recent advances and evolution of various nanomaterials and their potential in diverse research fields. The book covers the synthesis and characterization of various nanomaterials, followed by discussion on desired applications such as clean and green renewable energy, coating, sensors, thermal applications, microelectronics, biomedical applications such as drug carriers, nutrition, biosensors and detection of cancer cells. The chapters in this book not only illustrate the capability of nanomaterials in such novel usages but also reveal their potential drawbacks and the possible ways to overcome the pitfalls. The book covers interdisciplinary research advancement of nanomaterials, beneficial for researchers and professionals working in both science and engineering. Erscheinungsdatum: 14.01.2023

Field Crops Research, 275 (2022) 108341. doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2021.108341 Layering smart management practices to sustainably maintain rice yields and improve water use efficiency in eastern India 1 1 Introduction 1 2 Materials and methods 2 2.1 Experimental site 2 2.2 Experimental design and treatments 2 2.3 Field preparation 3 2.4 Crop management 3 2.5 Alternate Wetting and Drying 3 2.6 Observations and calculations 3 2.6.1 Crop and weather observations 3 2.6.2 Irrigation water, input water and water productivity 3 2.7 Statistical analyses 4 3 3. Results 4 3.1 3.1 Weather 4 3.2 Number of irrigations 4 3.3 Field water depth 5 3.4 Irrigation water and total input water required to produce arice crop 5 3.5 Crop performance 5 3.6 Irrigation water productivity and total input water productivity 8 4 Discussion 8 4.1 Effect of management practices on rice growth and productivity 8 4.2 Effect of establishment method and variety on water usageand water productivity 9 4.3 Effect of AWD treatment depths on water usage and water productivity 10 5 Conclusion 11 Funding 11 CRediT authorship contribution statement 11 Declaration of Competing Interest 11 Acknowledgements 12 Appendix A Supporting information 12 References 12 Alternate wetting and drying,Dry-direct seeded rice,Perforated PVC tubes,Water productivity,Field water depth

An initiative of the Neurological Society of India The Neurological Society of India (NSI) is the apex body representing neuroscientists in India. For the last 4 years, the society has been publishing a compilation on contemporary topics for neurologists and neurosurgeons titled Progress in Clinical Neurosciences. NSI has now taken a further step in its attempt at knowledge dissemination by publishing this book—Practical Neurosurgery: Analysis of Clinical Cases—written by eminent experts in the field. This book adopts a problem-solving approach to help neurosurgical practitioners in decision-making and management of their cases. It establishes treatment protocols by analyzing different clinical cases and their diagnosis, and suggests a systematic, algorithmic approach to their management. The NSI has managed to bring together eminent neurosurgeons from all major medical institutes of the country in a collaborative effort ensuring that the collection is interesting, educative, and immensely informative. The highlights of this collection are: Clinical approaches of management and presentation of cases in a systematic manner: from the very basic to the very complex. Carefully-researched, detailed information and state-of-the-art perspective in the field Learning tools like flowcharts, figures, boxes, tables, illustrations, and clinical images to elucidate concepts Simple, lucid language to aid comprehension.

Highly comprehensive and detailed text on best possible sustainable approaches associated with the development, design, and origination of pharmaceuticals Sustainable Approaches in Pharmaceutical Sciences enables readers to understand the best possible green approaches associated with the development, design, and origination of pharmaceuticals, including resources that may minimize the adverse effects associated with synthesis, isolation, and extraction. Sustainable Approaches in Pharmaceutical Sciences covers a myriad of current topics, including mechanochemical improvements for API synthesis, as well as the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in the development and discovery of pharmaceuticals, along with recent developments in hydrogels which respond to triggered factors during topical drug delivery. Authored by experienced scientists from institutions across the world, other sample topics covered in Sustainable Approaches in Pharmaceutical Sciences include: Green technologies and benefits associated with them, white biotechnology, green chemistry, and eco-friendly approaches for designing active pharmaceutical ingredients Impact of sustainable approaches in pharmaceutical industries regarding use of solvents, nanoparticles formulations, and antimicrobial bandages Micro-extractive methods capable of generating high recovery values of the analytes and associated techniques, such as dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction Benefits of the exploration of sustainable chemistry on a commercial scale, particularly in relation to bioresources, chemical manufacturing, and organic transformation Discussing both the foundational science and practicality of different approaches regarding human and environmental health, Sustainable Approaches in Pharmaceutical Sciences is an essential resource for scientists, medical professionals, and industrial professionals working in the fields of sustainable technology and synthesis in pharmaceutical sciences, along with advanced level students.

BENEFICIAL CHEMICAL ELEMENTS OF PLANTS Understand beneficial elements and their role in the future of botany and agriculture Beneficial elements are those which, while not essential to plant life, can provide stimulation and enhance plant growth. Properly harnessed, these elements can bolster plant growth in the face of environmental conditions—including drought, nutrient deficiency, and excessive soil salinity—and biotic stresses like pathogens and animal activity. As climate change and population growth pose increasingly serious challenges to agriculture and essential plant production, it has never been more important to unleash the potential of beneficial elements. Beneficial Chemical Elements of Plants is an essential resource for researchers and industry specialists looking to enhance their understanding of these elements and the range and variety of their enhancements to plant growth. Written by leading scholars in the field of plant stress tolerance and nutrient enrichment, it discusses not only the rich possibilities of beneficial elements but their mechanisms of action at both biochemical and molecular levels. It details the precise potential roles played by each major beneficial element and surveys a range of elemental responses to specific environmental conditions and plant stresses. Beneficial Chemical Elements of Plants readers will also find: Chapters covering beneficial elements including aluminum, cobalt, sodium, selenium, and silicon Discussion of application methods and typical plant responses Treatment of beneficial elements in a wider environmental context Beneficial element applications to the field of sustainable agriculture Beneficial Chemical Elements of Plants is a fundamental starting point for researchers and students in the fields of plant physiology, crop science, agriculture, and botany, as well as for professionals in the biotechnology and agricultural industries.

Foundation Science Chemistry-0IT Pages Foundation Science Chemistry-Chap 1 Foundation Science Chemistry-Chap 2 Foundation Science Chemistry-Chap 3 Foundation Science Chemistry-Chap 4 Foundation Science Chemistry-Chap 5 FSC Chem-10 Chap 5 FSC Chem-10 Chap 5a Foundation Science Chemistry-Chap 6 Foundation Science Chemistry-Chap 7 FSC Chem-10 Chap 7 Foundation Science Chemistry-Chap 8 Foundation Science Chemistry-Chap 9 Foundation Science Chemistry-Question Bank FSC Chem-10 Question Bank-1 FSC Chem-10 Question Bank-2 FSC Chem-10 Value-Based Questions

An electrical power system consists of a large number of generation, transmission, and distribution subsystems. It is a very large and complex system; hence, its installation and management are very difficult tasks. An electrical system is essentially a very large network with very large data sets. Handling these data sets can require much time to analyze and subsequently implement. An electrical system is necessary but also potentially very dangerous if not operated and controlled properly. The demand for electricity is ever increasing, so maintaining load demand without overloading the system poses challenges and difficulties. Thus, planning, installing, operating, and controlling such a large system requires new technology. Artificial intelligence (AI) applications have many key features that can support a power system and handle overall power system operations. AI-based applications can manage the large data sets related to a power system. They can also help design power plants, model installation layouts, optimize load dispatch, and quickly respond to control apparatus. These applications and their techniques have been successful in many areas of power system engineering. Artificial Intelligence Techniques in Power Systems Operations and Analysis focuses on the various challenges arising in power systems and how AI techniques help to overcome these challenges. It examines important areas of power system analysis and the implementation of AI-driven analysis techniques. The book helps academicians and researchers understand how AI can be used for more efficient operation. Multiple AI techniques and their application are explained. Also featured are relevant data sets and case studies. Highlights include Power quality enhancement by PV-UPQC for non-linear load Energy management of a nanogrid through flair of deep learning from IoT environments Role of artificial intelligence and machine learning in power systems with fault detection and diagnosis AC power optimization techniques Artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques in power systems automation

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics (2023), 25, 25008-25017, doi:10.1039/D3CP03610C

New Journal of Chemistry (2020), 44, 13529-13533, doi:10.1039/D0NJ03004J